Publications
101.
Festag, A.; Hess, S.
ETSI Technical Committee ITS: News from European Standardization for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) Journal Article
In: IEEE Communication Magazine, Global Communications Newsletter, vol. 47, no. 6, pp. 1-4, 2009.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: standardization, V2X communication
@article{Festag:ITSC:2009,
title = {ETSI Technical Committee ITS: News from European Standardization for Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS)},
author = {A. Festag and S. Hess},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5116819},
doi = {10.1109/MCOM.2009.5116819},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-06-26},
urldate = {2009-06-26},
journal = {IEEE Communication Magazine, Global Communications Newsletter},
volume = {47},
number = {6},
pages = {1-4},
abstract = {Communication is a cornerstone of future intelligent transportation systems (ITS); and standardization is a key aspect for European and worldwide deployment and usage. The European Telecommunication Standardization Institute (ETSI), well known for communication standards such as GSM, created a technical committee (TC) for ITS at the end of 2007. Generally, its mission is the creation of standards and specifications for the use of information and communication technologies in future transport systems in Europe. Most of the technical committee's ongoing standardization activities are focused on wireless communication for vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside communication.},
keywords = {standardization, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Communication is a cornerstone of future intelligent transportation systems (ITS); and standardization is a key aspect for European and worldwide deployment and usage. The European Telecommunication Standardization Institute (ETSI), well known for communication standards such as GSM, created a technical committee (TC) for ITS at the end of 2007. Generally, its mission is the creation of standards and specifications for the use of information and communication technologies in future transport systems in Europe. Most of the technical committee's ongoing standardization activities are focused on wireless communication for vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-roadside communication.
102.
Festag, A.; Baldessari, R.; Zhang, W.; Le, L.
CAR-2-X Communication SDK – A Software Toolkit for Rapid Application Development and Experimentations Proceedings Article
In: IEEE Vehicular Networking and Applications Workshop – Future Wireless Technologies for Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII) Applications (VehiMobil), co-located with IEEE ICC 2009, Dresden, Germany, 2009.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: measurements, V2X communication
@inproceedings{Festag:VehiMobil:2009,
title = {CAR-2-X Communication SDK – A Software Toolkit for Rapid Application Development and Experimentations},
author = {A. Festag and R. Baldessari and W. Zhang and L. Le},
url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2009_Festag_VehiMobil.pdf},
doi = {10.1109/ICCW.2009.5208070},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-06-14},
urldate = {2009-08-18},
booktitle = {IEEE Vehicular Networking and Applications Workshop – Future Wireless Technologies for Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII) Applications (VehiMobil), co-located with IEEE ICC 2009},
address = {Dresden, Germany},
abstract = {The CAR-2-X communication SDK is a software implementation of a networking protocol stack for car-to-car and car-to-infrastructure communication with IEEE 802.11 radio technology. The core of the SDK is a routing protocol that provides wireless ad hoc and multi-hop communication using geographical positions for addressing and packet forwarding. The routing protocol scheme is enhanced by various features to meet the requirements of safety and infotainment applications in vehicular environments. The SDK can be executed in various hardware environments, such as virtual machines, software development systems and embedded hardware for automotive and road side units. The SDK enables rapid development of safety and infotainment applications for CAR-2-X communication by providing state-of-the-art communication protocols and well-defined application programming interfaces (APIs). The advanced features and a high grade of configurability makes the SDK an ideal software platform for experimentation and evaluation of CAR-2-X communication systems in laboratory environments and real world testbeds. In this paper we describe functionalities and features of the CAR-2-X communication SDK and present the SDK's implementation aspects for the protocols and API. Then, we present a framework for benchmarking and evaluation of CAR-2-X communication protocols. The CAR-2-X Communication SDK is available under the conditions of a software license and provided royalty-free.},
keywords = {measurements, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The CAR-2-X communication SDK is a software implementation of a networking protocol stack for car-to-car and car-to-infrastructure communication with IEEE 802.11 radio technology. The core of the SDK is a routing protocol that provides wireless ad hoc and multi-hop communication using geographical positions for addressing and packet forwarding. The routing protocol scheme is enhanced by various features to meet the requirements of safety and infotainment applications in vehicular environments. The SDK can be executed in various hardware environments, such as virtual machines, software development systems and embedded hardware for automotive and road side units. The SDK enables rapid development of safety and infotainment applications for CAR-2-X communication by providing state-of-the-art communication protocols and well-defined application programming interfaces (APIs). The advanced features and a high grade of configurability makes the SDK an ideal software platform for experimentation and evaluation of CAR-2-X communication systems in laboratory environments and real world testbeds. In this paper we describe functionalities and features of the CAR-2-X communication SDK and present the SDK's implementation aspects for the protocols and API. Then, we present a framework for benchmarking and evaluation of CAR-2-X communication protocols. The CAR-2-X Communication SDK is available under the conditions of a software license and provided royalty-free.
103.
Le, L.; Festag, A.; Baldessari, R.; Zhang, W.
V2X Communication and Intersection Safety Proceedings Article
In: International Forum on Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications Smart Systems for Safety, Sustainablility and Comfort (AMAA), pp. 97-107, Berlin, Germany, 2009.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: safety, V2X communication
@inproceedings{Le:AMAA:2009,
title = {V2X Communication and Intersection Safety},
author = {L. Le and A. Festag and R. Baldessari and W. Zhang},
url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2009_Le_AMAA.pdf},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-00745-3_8},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-05-09},
urldate = {2009-05-09},
booktitle = {International Forum on Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications Smart Systems for Safety, Sustainablility and Comfort (AMAA)},
pages = {97-107},
address = {Berlin, Germany},
abstract = {Vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication (V2X communication) has great potential to increase road and passenger safety, and has been considered an important part of future Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Several R&D projects around the world have been investigating various aspects of V2X communication. Some of these projects focus on specific issues of V2X communication for intersection safety (communication-based intersection safety) because intersections are the most complex driving environments where injury and fatal accidents occur frequently. In this paper, we discuss the technical details of V2X communication and discuss how it can be used to improve intersection safety.},
keywords = {safety, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication (V2X communication) has great potential to increase road and passenger safety, and has been considered an important part of future Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Several R&D projects around the world have been investigating various aspects of V2X communication. Some of these projects focus on specific issues of V2X communication for intersection safety (communication-based intersection safety) because intersections are the most complex driving environments where injury and fatal accidents occur frequently. In this paper, we discuss the technical details of V2X communication and discuss how it can be used to improve intersection safety.
104.
Festag, A.; Zhang, W.; Le, L.; Baldessari, R.
Geocast in Vehicular Networks Book Section
In: Moustafa, H.; Zhang, Y. (Ed.): Vehicular Networks: Techniques, Standards and Applications, Auerbach Publications, New York, 2009.
Links | BibTeX | Tags: V2X communication
@incollection{Festag:VehNetworksBook:2009,
title = {Geocast in Vehicular Networks},
author = {A. Festag and W. Zhang and L. Le and R. Baldessari},
editor = {H. Moustafa and Y. Zhang},
url = {https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/edit/10.1201/9780367802905/vehicular-networks-hassnaa-moustafa-yan-zhang},
doi = {10.1201/9780367802905},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-04-09},
urldate = {2009-04-09},
booktitle = {Vehicular Networks: Techniques, Standards and Applications},
publisher = {Auerbach Publications},
address = {New York},
organization = {Taylor & Francis Group},
keywords = {V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}
105.
Le, L.; Zhang, W.; Festag, A.; Baldessari, R.
Analysis of Approaches for Channel Allocation in Car-to-Car Communication Proceedings Article
In: 1st International Workshop on Interoperable Vehicles (IOV), pp. 33-38, Zurich, Switzerland, 2009.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: standardization, V2X communication
@inproceedings{Le_IOT_2008,
title = {Analysis of Approaches for Channel Allocation in Car-to-Car Communication},
author = {L. Le and W. Zhang and A. Festag and R. Baldessari},
url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2008_Lee_IOT.pdf},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-03-26},
urldate = {2009-03-26},
booktitle = {1st International Workshop on Interoperable Vehicles (IOV)},
pages = {33-38},
address = {Zurich, Switzerland},
abstract = {Car-to-car and car-to-infrastructure communication (C2X communication) has received considerable attention worldwide. The main goals of C2X communication are reduction of road accidents and fatalities and improvement of traffic efficiency. In Europe, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is currently leading the spectrum allocation dedicated to road safety. It is expected that 30 MHz spectrum in the range from 5.875 to 5.905 GHz will be allocated for critical road safety and traffic efficiency applications. This paper provides a detailed analysis of channel allocation for the 30-MHz spectrum dedicated to safety-related C2X communication. Our contributions are: (1) We provide a comprehensive overview of existing approaches on the usage of the 30-MHz frequency band dedicated for safety-related C2X communication. (2) We analyze advantages and disadvantages of these approaches based on an extensive set of evaluation criteria. (3) We provide a recommendation for the channel allocation of the 30-MHz frequency band dedicated for safety-related C2X communication in Europe.},
keywords = {standardization, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Car-to-car and car-to-infrastructure communication (C2X communication) has received considerable attention worldwide. The main goals of C2X communication are reduction of road accidents and fatalities and improvement of traffic efficiency. In Europe, the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is currently leading the spectrum allocation dedicated to road safety. It is expected that 30 MHz spectrum in the range from 5.875 to 5.905 GHz will be allocated for critical road safety and traffic efficiency applications. This paper provides a detailed analysis of channel allocation for the 30-MHz spectrum dedicated to safety-related C2X communication. Our contributions are: (1) We provide a comprehensive overview of existing approaches on the usage of the 30-MHz frequency band dedicated for safety-related C2X communication. (2) We analyze advantages and disadvantages of these approaches based on an extensive set of evaluation criteria. (3) We provide a recommendation for the channel allocation of the 30-MHz frequency band dedicated for safety-related C2X communication in Europe.
106.
Le, L.; Festag, A.; Baldessari, R.; Zhang, W.
Communication-Based Intersection Safety: Motivation, Challenges and State-of-the-Art Proceedings Article
In: International Workshop on Intelligent Transportation (WIT), Hamburg, Germany, 2009.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: safety, V2X communication
@inproceedings{Le:WIT:2009,
title = {Communication-Based Intersection Safety: Motivation, Challenges and State-of-the-Art},
author = {L. Le and A. Festag and R. Baldessari and W. Zhang},
url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2009-Le_WIT.pdf},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-03-24},
urldate = {2009-03-24},
booktitle = {International Workshop on Intelligent Transportation (WIT)},
address = {Hamburg, Germany},
abstract = {V2X communication has recently attained significant attention from both academia and industry because it has the potential to improve road safety and to reduce road accidents and fatalities. For this reason, V2X communication has been considered an important part of future Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). In V2X communication, vehicles are equipped with IEEE 802.11-based wireless network interfaces and can spontaneously form an ad hoc network among themselves. Vehicles can use this ad hoc network to communicate with each other in order to support safety applications such as cooperative collision warning. Several R&D projects around the world have been investigating various aspects of V2X communication. Some of these projects focus on specific issues of V2X communication for intersection safety because intersections are the most complex driving environments and include not only vehicles but also other road users such as pedestrians and cyclists. Thus, distraction or unpredictable behavior of a single driver can have a grave impact on many other road users. For this reason, intersection accidents occur frequently. Further, these accidents are usually very serious and usually involve several users. In this paper, we first review use cases for communication-based intersection safety. We then derive the requirements from these use cases and discuss their challenges. Based on these requirements, we present a protocol architecture for communication-based intersection safety that fits into the overall architecture of V2X communication.},
keywords = {safety, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
V2X communication has recently attained significant attention from both academia and industry because it has the potential to improve road safety and to reduce road accidents and fatalities. For this reason, V2X communication has been considered an important part of future Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). In V2X communication, vehicles are equipped with IEEE 802.11-based wireless network interfaces and can spontaneously form an ad hoc network among themselves. Vehicles can use this ad hoc network to communicate with each other in order to support safety applications such as cooperative collision warning. Several R&D projects around the world have been investigating various aspects of V2X communication. Some of these projects focus on specific issues of V2X communication for intersection safety because intersections are the most complex driving environments and include not only vehicles but also other road users such as pedestrians and cyclists. Thus, distraction or unpredictable behavior of a single driver can have a grave impact on many other road users. For this reason, intersection accidents occur frequently. Further, these accidents are usually very serious and usually involve several users. In this paper, we first review use cases for communication-based intersection safety. We then derive the requirements from these use cases and discuss their challenges. Based on these requirements, we present a protocol architecture for communication-based intersection safety that fits into the overall architecture of V2X communication.
107.
Le, L.; Festag, A.; Baldessari, R.; Zhang, W.
CAR-2-X Communication in Europe Book Section
In: Olariu, S.; Weigle, M. (Ed.): Vehicular Networks: From Theory to Practice, Chapman and Hall/CRC, New York, 2009.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: V2X communication
@incollection{Lee_VehNetworksBook:2009,
title = {CAR-2-X Communication in Europe},
author = {L. Le and A. Festag and R. Baldessari and W. Zhang},
editor = {S. Olariu and M. Weigle},
url = {https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.1201/9781420085891/vehicular-networks-stephan-olariu-michele-weigle},
doi = {10.1201/9781420085891},
year = {2009},
date = {2009-03-11},
urldate = {2009-03-11},
booktitle = {Vehicular Networks: From Theory to Practice},
publisher = {Chapman and Hall/CRC},
address = {New York},
abstract = {Car-to-car and car-to-infrastructure communication (also known as CAR-2-X communication) has gained significant interest in Europe in the last few years as a promising technology to increase road safety. Its origins can be traced to the 1980s, when the PROMETHEUS (PROgramme for European Traffic with Highest Efficiency and Unprecedented Safety) project (1987-1995)1 was initiated by the European car industry and performed in the framework of the EUREKA (European Research Coordination Agency) program. e original objective of the project PROMETHEUS was automated driving for private cars. Later, it shifted its focus to driver information using in-vehicle systems, such as the intelligent copilot. e follow-up project DRIVE (Dedicated Road Infrastructure for Vehicle Safety in Europe) I (1988-1991)2 promoted advanced transport telematics (ATT), mainly considering road-side infrastructure. DRIVE II (1992-1994) concentrated on strategies for management and the introduction of telematics systems for communication and traffic control, including test projects and field tests. Overall, these projects have led to significant advances in European road transport, but the deployment of CAR-2-X communication was not possible due to lack of adequate and affordable communication technology.},
keywords = {V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}
Car-to-car and car-to-infrastructure communication (also known as CAR-2-X communication) has gained significant interest in Europe in the last few years as a promising technology to increase road safety. Its origins can be traced to the 1980s, when the PROMETHEUS (PROgramme for European Traffic with Highest Efficiency and Unprecedented Safety) project (1987-1995)1 was initiated by the European car industry and performed in the framework of the EUREKA (European Research Coordination Agency) program. e original objective of the project PROMETHEUS was automated driving for private cars. Later, it shifted its focus to driver information using in-vehicle systems, such as the intelligent copilot. e follow-up project DRIVE (Dedicated Road Infrastructure for Vehicle Safety in Europe) I (1988-1991)2 promoted advanced transport telematics (ATT), mainly considering road-side infrastructure. DRIVE II (1992-1994) concentrated on strategies for management and the introduction of telematics systems for communication and traffic control, including test projects and field tests. Overall, these projects have led to significant advances in European road transport, but the deployment of CAR-2-X communication was not possible due to lack of adequate and affordable communication technology.
108.
Festag, A.; Hessler, A.; Baldessari, R.; Le, L.; Zhang, W.; Westhoff, D.
Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Road-Side Sensor Communication for Enhanced Road Safety Proceedings Article
In: ITS World Congress and Exhibition, New York, USA, 2008.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: safety, V2X communication
@inproceedings{Festag:ITSWC:2008,
title = {Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Road-Side Sensor Communication for Enhanced Road Safety},
author = {A. Festag and A. Hessler and R. Baldessari and L. Le and W. Zhang and D. Westhoff},
url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2008_Festag_ITSWC.pdf},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-11-16},
urldate = {2008-11-16},
booktitle = {ITS World Congress and Exhibition},
address = {New York, USA},
abstract = {We propose a hybrid ITS safety architecture that combines vehicle-to-vehicle communication and vehicle-to-roadside sensor communication. Opposed to dedicated roadside units, which require major investments for purchase, installation and maintenance, roadside wireless sensor and networking technology represents a cost-effective solution and can leverage the deployment of the system as a whole. Among the various services of the hybrid communication system, the paper introduces accident prevention and post-accident investigation. We present a system and protocol architecture with a fully distributed concept for efficient and secure storage of sensor data. For deployment, this architecture will likely be combined with an alternative approach using dedicated road-side units as a centralized network element for communication and data storage. For the proposed system, we describe the main components (radio, networking and services, security). Finally, we describe our prototype implementation and experimental testbed featuring hardware and software platforms for vehicle on-board units and sensor nodes.},
keywords = {safety, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
We propose a hybrid ITS safety architecture that combines vehicle-to-vehicle communication and vehicle-to-roadside sensor communication. Opposed to dedicated roadside units, which require major investments for purchase, installation and maintenance, roadside wireless sensor and networking technology represents a cost-effective solution and can leverage the deployment of the system as a whole. Among the various services of the hybrid communication system, the paper introduces accident prevention and post-accident investigation. We present a system and protocol architecture with a fully distributed concept for efficient and secure storage of sensor data. For deployment, this architecture will likely be combined with an alternative approach using dedicated road-side units as a centralized network element for communication and data storage. For the proposed system, we describe the main components (radio, networking and services, security). Finally, we describe our prototype implementation and experimental testbed featuring hardware and software platforms for vehicle on-board units and sensor nodes.
109.
Zhang, W.; Festag, A.; Baldessari, R.; Le, L.
Congestion Control for Safety Messages in VANETs: Concepts and Frameworks Proceedings Article
In: International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST), Phuket, Thailand, 2008.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: V2X communication
@inproceedings{Zhang:ITST:2008,
title = {Congestion Control for Safety Messages in VANETs: Concepts and Frameworks},
author = {W. Zhang and A. Festag and R. Baldessari and L. Le},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4740256},
doi = {10.1109/ITST.2008.4740256},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-10-24},
urldate = {2008-10-24},
booktitle = {International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST)},
address = {Phuket, Thailand},
abstract = {Congestion control in packet data networks has been extensively studied. However, most algorithms are not directly applicable to safety messages in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), which have stringent requirements on delay, reliability and dissemination area. Although certain algorithms have been investigated, there is still a lack of understanding on the related concepts, and there is no systematic analysis on different mechanisms in the overall context so far. This paper explores related concepts and their dependencies, makes a systematic analyse and presents a framework on congestion control for safety messages in VANETs.},
keywords = {V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Congestion control in packet data networks has been extensively studied. However, most algorithms are not directly applicable to safety messages in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs), which have stringent requirements on delay, reliability and dissemination area. Although certain algorithms have been investigated, there is still a lack of understanding on the related concepts, and there is no systematic analysis on different mechanisms in the overall context so far. This paper explores related concepts and their dependencies, makes a systematic analyse and presents a framework on congestion control for safety messages in VANETs.
110.
Festag, A.
Car-to-X: Zuverlässigkeit der Daten ist wesentliche Herausforderung Journal Article
In: Computerzeitung, vol. 41, 2008.
BibTeX | Tags: V2X communication
@article{Festag:Computerzeitung:2008,
title = {Car-to-X: Zuverlässigkeit der Daten ist wesentliche Herausforderung},
author = {A. Festag},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-10-01},
journal = {Computerzeitung},
volume = {41},
keywords = {V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
111.
Baldessari, R.; Festag, A.; Zhang, W.; Le, L.
A MANET-Centric Solution for Application of NEMO in VANET using Geographic Routing Proceedings Article
In: 1st Workshop on Experimental Evaluation and Deployment Experiences on Vehicular networks (WEEDEV) colocated with 1st International Conference on Testbeds and research infrastructures for the development of networks & communities (TridentCom), pp. 123-128, Innsbruck, Austria, 2008.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: mobile communication
@inproceedings{Baldessari:TRIDENTCOM:2008,
title = {A MANET-Centric Solution for Application of NEMO in VANET using Geographic Routing},
author = {R. Baldessari and A. Festag and W. Zhang and L. Le},
url = {https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1390576.1390591},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-03-18},
urldate = {2008-03-18},
booktitle = {1st Workshop on Experimental Evaluation and Deployment Experiences on Vehicular networks (WEEDEV) colocated with 1st International Conference on Testbeds and research infrastructures for the development of networks & communities (TridentCom)},
pages = {123-128},
address = {Innsbruck, Austria},
abstract = {In this paper, we propose a novel solution for usage of the Network Mobility Basic Support protocol in vehicular ad hoc networks. The solution adopts geographical routing as a sub-IP ad hoc routing protocol and applies a standard NEMO Mobile Router on top. As a result, Internet access enhanced with IP mobility support is available via a multi-hop path towards an access point. Compared with other approaches, this solution allows for immediate adaptation of data routes to topology changes, as shown by the results of measurements conducted for high rate data traffic. The paper also analyzes the case of vehicular networks isolated from a network infrastructure and suggests basic strategies for the integrated support of connected and disconnected scenarios. Finally, selected items for further research in this area are suggested.},
keywords = {mobile communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
In this paper, we propose a novel solution for usage of the Network Mobility Basic Support protocol in vehicular ad hoc networks. The solution adopts geographical routing as a sub-IP ad hoc routing protocol and applies a standard NEMO Mobile Router on top. As a result, Internet access enhanced with IP mobility support is available via a multi-hop path towards an access point. Compared with other approaches, this solution allows for immediate adaptation of data routes to topology changes, as shown by the results of measurements conducted for high rate data traffic. The paper also analyzes the case of vehicular networks isolated from a network infrastructure and suggests basic strategies for the integrated support of connected and disconnected scenarios. Finally, selected items for further research in this area are suggested.
112.
Festag, A.; Noecker, G.; Strassberger, M.; Lübke, A.; Bochow, B.; Torrent-Moreno, M.; Schnaufer, S.; Eigner, R.; Catrinescu, C.; Kunisch, J.
'NoW – Network on Wheels': Project Objectives, Technology and Achievements Proceedings Article
In: International Workshop on Intelligent Transportation (WIT), pp. 211-216, Hamburg, Germany, 2008.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: V2X communication
@inproceedings{Festag:WIT:2008,
title = {'NoW – Network on Wheels': Project Objectives, Technology and Achievements},
author = {A. Festag and G. Noecker and M. Strassberger and A. Lübke and B. Bochow and M. Torrent-Moreno and S. Schnaufer and R. Eigner and C. Catrinescu and J. Kunisch},
url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2008_Festag_WIT.pdf},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-03-18},
urldate = {2008-03-18},
booktitle = {International Workshop on Intelligent Transportation (WIT)},
pages = {211-216},
address = {Hamburg, Germany},
abstract = {NoW – Network on Wheels is a German research project carried out by major car manufacturers, suppliers, research institutes and universities, and supported by the German government. The project develops a vehicular communication system for car-to-car and car-to-infrastructure communication based on ad hoc principles and wireless LAN technology for road safety and infotainment applications. The paper (i) gives a project overview and recalls its motivation, (ii) outlines the developed system and technology, and (iii) summarizes the project achievements.},
keywords = {V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
NoW – Network on Wheels is a German research project carried out by major car manufacturers, suppliers, research institutes and universities, and supported by the German government. The project develops a vehicular communication system for car-to-car and car-to-infrastructure communication based on ad hoc principles and wireless LAN technology for road safety and infotainment applications. The paper (i) gives a project overview and recalls its motivation, (ii) outlines the developed system and technology, and (iii) summarizes the project achievements.
113.
Festag,; Baldessari, R.; Long, L.; Zhang, W.; Sarma, A.; Fukukawa, A.
CAR-2-X Communication for Safety and Infotainment in Europe Journal Article
In: NEC Technical Journal, Special Issue ITS, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 21-26, 2008.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: V2X communication
@article{Festag:NECTechJ:2008,
title = {CAR-2-X Communication for Safety and Infotainment in Europe},
author = {Festag and R. Baldessari and L. Long and W. Zhang and A. Sarma and A. Fukukawa},
url = {https://www.nec.com/en/global/techrep/journal/g08/n01/pdf/080106.pdf},
year = {2008},
date = {2008-03-01},
urldate = {2008-03-01},
journal = {NEC Technical Journal, Special Issue ITS},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
pages = {21-26},
abstract = {Vehicular communication based on short-range wireless technology opens up novel applications improving road safety and travel comfort. Ad hoc networking enables a direct communication among cars as well as between cars and road-side communication devices. Geocast is an ad hoc routing scheme which is specifically considered in Europe as a core networking concept for future CAR-2-X systems. It provides wireless multi-hop communication and allows for geographical addressing and routing. This paper describes advanced concepts and mechanisms to deploy Geocast in realistic environments and presents NEC's CAR-2-X platform.},
keywords = {V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Vehicular communication based on short-range wireless technology opens up novel applications improving road safety and travel comfort. Ad hoc networking enables a direct communication among cars as well as between cars and road-side communication devices. Geocast is an ad hoc routing scheme which is specifically considered in Europe as a core networking concept for future CAR-2-X systems. It provides wireless multi-hop communication and allows for geographical addressing and routing. This paper describes advanced concepts and mechanisms to deploy Geocast in realistic environments and presents NEC's CAR-2-X platform.
114.
Harsch, C.; Festag, A.; Papadimitratos, P.
Secure Position-Based Routing for VANETs Proceedings Article
In: Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), Baltimore, MD, USA, 2007.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: V2X communication
@inproceedings{Harsch:VTCFall:2008,
title = {Secure Position-Based Routing for VANETs},
author = {C. Harsch and A. Festag and P. Papadimitratos},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4349671},
doi = {10.1109/VETECF.2007.22},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-09-30},
urldate = {2007-10-15},
booktitle = {Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)},
address = {Baltimore, MD, USA},
abstract = {Vehicular communication (VC) systems have the potential to improve road safety and driving comfort. Nevertheless, securing the operation is a prerequisite for deployment. So far, the security of VC applications has mostly drawn the attention of research efforts, while comprehensive solutions to protect the network operation have not been developed. In this paper, we address this problem: we provide a scheme that secures geographic position-based routing, which has been widely accepted as the appropriate one for VC. Moreover, we focus on the scheme currently chosen and evaluated in the Car2Car Communication Consortium (C2C-CC). We integrate security mechanisms to protect the position-based routing functionality and services (beaconing, multi-hop forwarding, and geo-location discovery), and enhance the network robustness. We propose defense mechanisms, relying both on cryptographic primitives and plausibility checks mitigating false position injection. Our implementation and initial measurements show that the security overhead is low and the proposed scheme deployable.},
keywords = {V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Vehicular communication (VC) systems have the potential to improve road safety and driving comfort. Nevertheless, securing the operation is a prerequisite for deployment. So far, the security of VC applications has mostly drawn the attention of research efforts, while comprehensive solutions to protect the network operation have not been developed. In this paper, we address this problem: we provide a scheme that secures geographic position-based routing, which has been widely accepted as the appropriate one for VC. Moreover, we focus on the scheme currently chosen and evaluated in the Car2Car Communication Consortium (C2C-CC). We integrate security mechanisms to protect the position-based routing functionality and services (beaconing, multi-hop forwarding, and geo-location discovery), and enhance the network robustness. We propose defense mechanisms, relying both on cryptographic primitives and plausibility checks mitigating false position injection. Our implementation and initial measurements show that the security overhead is low and the proposed scheme deployable.
115.
Baldessari, R.; Festag, A.; Abeille, J.
NEMO meets VANET: A Deployability Analysis of Network Mobility in Vehicular Communication Proceedings Article
In: International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST), pp. 375–380, Sophia Antipolis, France, 2007.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: mobile communication, V2X communication
@inproceedings{Baldessari:ITST:2007,
title = {NEMO meets VANET: A Deployability Analysis of Network Mobility in Vehicular Communication},
author = {R. Baldessari and A. Festag and J. Abeille},
url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2007_Baldessari_ITST.pdf},
doi = {10.1109/ITST.2007.4295897},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-06-06},
urldate = {2007-08-27},
booktitle = {International Conference on ITS Telecommunications (ITST)},
pages = {375–380},
address = {Sophia Antipolis, France},
abstract = {The document analyzes the deployability of approaches for network mobility (NEMO) in wireless vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). The vision for VANETs is road safety and commercial comfort applications enabled by short-range wireless technology. For a potential integrated solution of VANETs and NEMO, referred to as 'VANEMO', we consider a deployable system architecture and define requirements from a holistic view, taking into account economic, functional, and performance aspects. Next, we regard the vehicular network as a conventional mobile ad hoc network (VANET as a MANET), generalize possible solutions and classify them into two comprehensive approaches: MANET-centric and NEMO-centric. We analyze the two approaches with respect to the VANET specific requirements. We conclude that the MANET-centric approach meets the VANET functional and performance requirements better than the NEMO-centric approach.},
keywords = {mobile communication, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The document analyzes the deployability of approaches for network mobility (NEMO) in wireless vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). The vision for VANETs is road safety and commercial comfort applications enabled by short-range wireless technology. For a potential integrated solution of VANETs and NEMO, referred to as 'VANEMO', we consider a deployable system architecture and define requirements from a holistic view, taking into account economic, functional, and performance aspects. Next, we regard the vehicular network as a conventional mobile ad hoc network (VANET as a MANET), generalize possible solutions and classify them into two comprehensive approaches: MANET-centric and NEMO-centric. We analyze the two approaches with respect to the VANET specific requirements. We conclude that the MANET-centric approach meets the VANET functional and performance requirements better than the NEMO-centric approach.
116.
Gerlach, M.; Festag, A.; Leinmüller, T.; Goldacker, G.; Harsch, C.
Security Architecture for Vehicular Communication Proceedings Article
In: International Workshop on Intelligent Transportation (WIT), Hamburg, Germany, 2007.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: security, V2X communication
@inproceedings{Gerlach:WIT:2007,
title = {Security Architecture for Vehicular Communication},
author = {M. Gerlach and A. Festag and T. Leinmüller and G. Goldacker and C. Harsch},
url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2007_Gerlach_WIT.pdf},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-03-20},
urldate = {2007-03-20},
booktitle = {International Workshop on Intelligent Transportation (WIT)},
address = {Hamburg, Germany},
abstract = {Despite recent progress for vehicular communication in research, development, field tests, and standardization, security is still in an early phase though it represents a crucial part of the vehicular communication system. So far, no vehicular security architecture has been proposed which integrates existing individual solutions for vehicle registration, data integrity, authentication, and so on. By description of different architectural perspectives, we identify the stakeholders and their responsibilities. Then, we focus on the functional layer view and highlight the concepts which jointly secure the vehicular communication. Based on these concepts, we present an implementation approach which introduces the security concepts into the protocol stack of a vehicular communication system. The proposed security architecture follows a clean and modular design. It is the basis for our prototype implementation which will serve as a proof-of-concept. We will also submit this architecture to the ongoing standardization process of the Car2Car Communication Consortium (C2C-CC).},
keywords = {security, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Despite recent progress for vehicular communication in research, development, field tests, and standardization, security is still in an early phase though it represents a crucial part of the vehicular communication system. So far, no vehicular security architecture has been proposed which integrates existing individual solutions for vehicle registration, data integrity, authentication, and so on. By description of different architectural perspectives, we identify the stakeholders and their responsibilities. Then, we focus on the functional layer view and highlight the concepts which jointly secure the vehicular communication. Based on these concepts, we present an implementation approach which introduces the security concepts into the protocol stack of a vehicular communication system. The proposed security architecture follows a clean and modular design. It is the basis for our prototype implementation which will serve as a proof-of-concept. We will also submit this architecture to the ongoing standardization process of the Car2Car Communication Consortium (C2C-CC).
117.
Festag, A.; Baldessari, R.; Wang, H.
On Power-Aware Greedy Forwarding in Highway Scenarios Proceedings Article
In: International Workshop on Intelligent Transportation (WIT), Hamburg, Germany, 2007.
BibTeX | Tags: V2X communication
@inproceedings{Festag:WIT:2007,
title = {On Power-Aware Greedy Forwarding in Highway Scenarios},
author = {A. Festag and R. Baldessari and H. Wang},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-03-20},
booktitle = {International Workshop on Intelligent Transportation (WIT)},
address = {Hamburg, Germany},
keywords = {V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
118.
Fonseca, E.; Festag, A.; Baldessari, R.; Aguiar, R.
Support of Anonymity in VANETs – Putting Pseudonymity into Practice Proceedings Article
In: IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Hong Kong, 2007.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: security, V2X communication
@inproceedings{Fonseca:WCNC:2007,
title = {Support of Anonymity in VANETs – Putting Pseudonymity into Practice},
author = {E. Fonseca and A. Festag and R. Baldessari and R. Aguiar},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4224870},
doi = {10.1109/WCNC.2007.625},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-03-11},
urldate = {2007-06-04},
booktitle = {IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)},
address = {Hong Kong},
abstract = {Despite great advantages of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), they also introduce challenges with respect to security and privacy. Today, people are more and more concerned about their privacy. Using unique identifiers for communication, a vehicle can easily be located and tracked. Alternatively, a technical solution to protect drivers' privacy is the use of changing pseudonyms. Existing work mainly focuses on algorithms for pseudonym change and neglect practical implications and realizability. For deployment and integration of pseudonymity into a VANET communication system, several issues need to be solved. This paper analyzes the practical challenges and proposes protocol- and implementation-related solutions necessary to turn pseudonymity support into practice. Finally, the paper concludes by means of analysis and measurements that the burden of pseudonymity can be alleviated at reasonable costs and compromises in anonymity support.},
keywords = {security, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Despite great advantages of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), they also introduce challenges with respect to security and privacy. Today, people are more and more concerned about their privacy. Using unique identifiers for communication, a vehicle can easily be located and tracked. Alternatively, a technical solution to protect drivers' privacy is the use of changing pseudonyms. Existing work mainly focuses on algorithms for pseudonym change and neglect practical implications and realizability. For deployment and integration of pseudonymity into a VANET communication system, several issues need to be solved. This paper analyzes the practical challenges and proposes protocol- and implementation-related solutions necessary to turn pseudonymity support into practice. Finally, the paper concludes by means of analysis and measurements that the burden of pseudonymity can be alleviated at reasonable costs and compromises in anonymity support.
119.
Armknecht, F.; Festag, A.; Westhoff, D.; Zeng, K.
Cross-Layer Privacy Enhancement and Non-Repudiation in Vehicular Communication Proceedings Article
In: 4th Workshop on Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (WMAN), Bern Switzerland, 2007.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: security, V2X communication
@inproceedings{Armknecht:WMAN:2007,
title = {Cross-Layer Privacy Enhancement and Non-Repudiation in Vehicular Communication},
author = {F. Armknecht and A. Festag and D. Westhoff and K. Zeng},
url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2007_Armknecht_WMAN.pdf},
year = {2007},
date = {2007-03-01},
urldate = {2007-03-01},
booktitle = {4th Workshop on Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (WMAN)},
address = {Bern Switzerland},
abstract = {We propose a security architecture that provides two fundamental security services for VANETs: i) non-repudiation and ii) privacy enhancement. Due to a new PKI concept, referred to as PKI+, users are autonomous in deriving public keys, certificates and pseudonyms which minimizes the communication to the certificate authority. Security techniques are supported on all layers of the protocol stack. In particular we show how to link the PKI+ concepts to solutions for routing in vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication.},
keywords = {security, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
We propose a security architecture that provides two fundamental security services for VANETs: i) non-repudiation and ii) privacy enhancement. Due to a new PKI concept, referred to as PKI+, users are autonomous in deriving public keys, certificates and pseudonyms which minimizes the communication to the certificate authority. Security techniques are supported on all layers of the protocol stack. In particular we show how to link the PKI+ concepts to solutions for routing in vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication.
120.
Festag, A.; Baldessari, R.
Internet Access for Vehicular Communication – A Two-Stage Approach with Public Hot-Spots and Dedicated Road-Side Units Proceedings Article
In: ITS World Congress and Exhibition, London, UK, 2006.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: mobile communication, V2X communication
@inproceedings{Festag:ITSWC:2006,
title = {Internet Access for Vehicular Communication – A Two-Stage Approach with Public Hot-Spots and Dedicated Road-Side Units},
author = {A. Festag and R. Baldessari},
url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2006_Festag_ITSWC.pdf},
year = {2006},
date = {2006-10-08},
urldate = {2006-10-08},
booktitle = {ITS World Congress and Exhibition},
address = {London, UK},
abstract = {Communication capabilities in future vehicles and a road-side infrastructure, deploying wireless LAN IEEE 802.11 technology, are expected to provide Internet access for drivers and passengers. This paper analyzes two approaches for Internet access with respect to its technical deployability in vehicular scenarios: With increasing proliferation of WIFI hots spots, access points at public places can be reused in scenarios with low mobility. Alternatively, road-side units mainly dedicated to road safety, can be enhanced to provide Internet connectivity as an additional service. Judging the merits of public hot spots and dedicated road-side units we propose an integrated solution and discuss technical issues for their deployment. Experiments in a real-world environment demonstrate the feasibility of vehicular Internet access.},
keywords = {mobile communication, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Communication capabilities in future vehicles and a road-side infrastructure, deploying wireless LAN IEEE 802.11 technology, are expected to provide Internet access for drivers and passengers. This paper analyzes two approaches for Internet access with respect to its technical deployability in vehicular scenarios: With increasing proliferation of WIFI hots spots, access points at public places can be reused in scenarios with low mobility. Alternatively, road-side units mainly dedicated to road safety, can be enhanced to provide Internet connectivity as an additional service. Judging the merits of public hot spots and dedicated road-side units we propose an integrated solution and discuss technical issues for their deployment. Experiments in a real-world environment demonstrate the feasibility of vehicular Internet access.