Publications

@inproceedings{Hegde:WiMob:2022,

title = {Cellular-V2X for Vulnerable Road User Protection in Cooperative ITS},

author = {A. Hegde and S. Lobo and A. Festag},

url = {http://www.wimob.org/wimob2022},

doi = {10.1109/WiMob55322.2022.9941707},

year  = {2023},

date = {2023-02-21},

urldate = {2022-10-12},

booktitle = {2022 18th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob)},

address = {Thessaloniki, Greece},

abstract = {Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) play a significant role in improving road traffic safety and efficiency. Primary use cases rely on vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. In C-ITS, the safety of vulnerable road users (VRUs) such as pedestrians, motorists and other users with reduced mobility is being increasingly considered. A warning system, where VRUs actively send and receive messages instead of being passively monitored as road traffic objects, can play an important role in detecting risky situations and allowing the warning of vehicle drivers. However, in a dense urban traffic scenario with closely moving vehicles and pedestrians, the communication network can face severe resource constraints. Considering Cellular-V2X communication systems, the user equipments (UEs) may have to use the unmanaged mode of the sidelink interface. This paper analyzes the limitations of the existing radio resource allocation mechanisms and proposes adaptive strategies to ensure fairness in the distribution of radio resources between vehicles and VRUs. In addition, this work addresses the question about the situations in which VRU safety, being subject to a resource-constrained Cellular-V2X network, can be ensured.},

keywords = {Intelligent Transport Systems, safety, V2X communication, vulnerable road users},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Lobo:VTCFall:2022,

title = {Enhancing the Safety of Vulnerable Road Users: Messaging Protocols for V2X Communication},

author = {S. Lobo and A. Festag and C. Facchi},

url = {https://events.vtsociety.org/vtc2022-fall/},

year  = {2022},

date = {2022-09-05},

urldate = {2022-09-05},

booktitle = {IEEE 96th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Fall)},

address = {London UK and Beijing, China},

abstract = {The protection of vulnerable road users (VRUs) by means of V2X communication is increasingly considered for the next generation of cooperative safety systems. Two messaging protocols are being standardized: (i) With collective perception for sensor data sharing: VRUs can be passively perceived by the local sensors in vehicles and roadside units, which disseminate this information in dedicated messages carrying lists with VRU and other objects. (ii) VRUs can actively transmit messages in order to make other road users in their vicinity aware of their presence. This paper carries out a performance evaluation of a scenario with the two main messaging protocols and also their combined deployment, and compares them with two baseline approaches. Simulation results for a representative roundabout scenario with manifold interaction among vehicles and pedestrians indicate that the combination of sensor data sharing and active VRU transmissions performs best: It provides the highest VRU detection rate and the shortest VRU detection latency. This approach keeps the channel busy ratio below a critical threshold, which prevents the data congestion control of the V2X communication system from its activation.},

keywords = {Intelligent Transport Systems, safety, V2X communication, vulnerable road users},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Le:AMAA:2009,

title = {V2X Communication and Intersection Safety},

author = {L. Le and A. Festag and R. Baldessari and W. Zhang},

url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2009_Le_AMAA.pdf},

doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-00745-3_8},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-05-09},

urldate = {2009-05-09},

booktitle = {International Forum on Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications Smart Systems for Safety, Sustainablility and Comfort (AMAA)},

pages = {97-107},

address = {Berlin, Germany},

abstract = {Vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication (V2X communication) has great potential to increase road and passenger safety, and has been considered an important part of future Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Several R&D projects around the world have been investigating various aspects of V2X communication. Some of these projects focus on specific issues of V2X communication for intersection safety (communication-based intersection safety) because intersections are the most complex driving environments where injury and fatal accidents occur frequently. In this paper, we discuss the technical details of V2X communication and discuss how it can be used to improve intersection safety.},

keywords = {safety, V2X communication},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Le:WIT:2009,

title = {Communication-Based Intersection Safety: Motivation, Challenges and State-of-the-Art},

author = {L. Le and A. Festag and R. Baldessari and W. Zhang},

url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2009-Le_WIT.pdf},

year  = {2009},

date = {2009-03-24},

urldate = {2009-03-24},

booktitle = {International Workshop on Intelligent Transportation (WIT)},

address = {Hamburg, Germany},

abstract = {V2X communication has recently attained significant attention from both academia and industry because it has the potential to improve road safety and to reduce road accidents and fatalities. For this reason, V2X communication has been considered an important part of future Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). In V2X communication, vehicles are equipped with IEEE 802.11-based wireless network interfaces and can spontaneously form an ad hoc network among themselves. Vehicles can use this ad hoc network to communicate with each other in order to support safety applications such as cooperative collision warning. Several R&D projects around the world have been investigating various aspects of V2X communication. Some of these projects focus on specific issues of V2X communication for intersection safety because intersections are the most complex driving environments and include not only vehicles but also other road users such as pedestrians and cyclists. Thus, distraction or unpredictable behavior of a single driver can have a grave impact on many other road users. For this reason, intersection accidents occur frequently. Further, these accidents are usually very serious and usually involve several users. In this paper, we first review use cases for communication-based intersection safety. We then derive the requirements from these use cases and discuss their challenges. Based on these requirements, we present a protocol architecture for communication-based intersection safety that fits into the overall architecture of V2X communication.},

keywords = {safety, V2X communication},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}

@inproceedings{Festag:ITSWC:2008,

title = {Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Road-Side Sensor Communication for Enhanced Road Safety},

author = {A. Festag and A. Hessler and R. Baldessari and L. Le and W. Zhang and D. Westhoff},

url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2008_Festag_ITSWC.pdf},

year  = {2008},

date = {2008-11-16},

urldate = {2008-11-16},

booktitle = {ITS World Congress and Exhibition},

address = {New York, USA},

abstract = {We propose a hybrid ITS safety architecture that combines vehicle-to-vehicle communication and vehicle-to-roadside sensor communication. Opposed to dedicated roadside units, which require major investments for purchase, installation and maintenance, roadside wireless sensor and networking technology represents a cost-effective solution and can leverage the deployment of the system as a whole. Among the various services of the hybrid communication system, the paper introduces accident prevention and post-accident investigation. We present a system and protocol architecture with a fully distributed concept for efficient and secure storage of sensor data. For deployment, this architecture will likely be combined with an alternative approach using dedicated road-side units as a centralized network element for communication and data storage. For the proposed system, we describe the main components (radio, networking and services, security). Finally, we describe our prototype implementation and experimental testbed featuring hardware and software platforms for vehicle on-board units and sensor nodes.},

keywords = {safety, V2X communication},

pubstate = {published},

tppubtype = {inproceedings}

}