Publications
61.
Kühlmorgen, S.; Festag, A.; Fettweis, G.
Exploiting Distributed Source Coding for Multi-hop Routing in Wireless Ad Hoc Network Proceedings Article
In: IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Spring), Nanjing, China, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: wireless communication
@inproceedings{Kuehlmorgen:VTCSpring:2016,
title = {Exploiting Distributed Source Coding for Multi-hop Routing in Wireless Ad Hoc Network},
author = {S. Kühlmorgen and A. Festag and G. Fettweis},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7504244},
doi = {10.1109/VTCSpring.2016.7504244},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-05-15},
urldate = {2016-07-07},
booktitle = {IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Spring)},
address = {Nanjing, China},
abstract = {This paper presents a routing algorithm for wireless multi-hop ad hoc networks, which applies distributed source coding (DSC) and multi-path transport of data packets. DSC enables the relay nodes to efficiently encode the packets and helps the destination node to correctly decode the information from multiple erroneous copies of the same packet received via different paths. While in conventional communication systems packets with bit errors are discarded, in our design the relays are allowed to forward erroneous packets. In order to exploit DSC for ad hoc routing, we extend contention-based geographical forwarding (CBGF) to support multi-path packet transport and enable the joint decoder to recover transmission errors. Under harsh wireless conditions, the approach promises performance gains compared to the case without joint decoding. In order to evaluate the performance of CBGF, we define an evaluation framework that models the erroneous forwarding and joint decoding by an abstraction of the physical transmission. We assess the performance by simulations for a simple scenario with static nodes in terms of packet success ratio, end-to-end delay, and data traffic overhead, and compare the results with the baseline CBGF scheme without DSC-specific extensions and joint decoding.},
keywords = {wireless communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This paper presents a routing algorithm for wireless multi-hop ad hoc networks, which applies distributed source coding (DSC) and multi-path transport of data packets. DSC enables the relay nodes to efficiently encode the packets and helps the destination node to correctly decode the information from multiple erroneous copies of the same packet received via different paths. While in conventional communication systems packets with bit errors are discarded, in our design the relays are allowed to forward erroneous packets. In order to exploit DSC for ad hoc routing, we extend contention-based geographical forwarding (CBGF) to support multi-path packet transport and enable the joint decoder to recover transmission errors. Under harsh wireless conditions, the approach promises performance gains compared to the case without joint decoding. In order to evaluate the performance of CBGF, we define an evaluation framework that models the erroneous forwarding and joint decoding by an abstraction of the physical transmission. We assess the performance by simulations for a simple scenario with static nodes in terms of packet success ratio, end-to-end delay, and data traffic overhead, and compare the results with the baseline CBGF scheme without DSC-specific extensions and joint decoding.
62.
Zhang, X.; Fritzsche, R.; Festag, A.; Fettweis, G.
Linear Multi-Cell Precoding for Throughput Optimization Considering Outage Book Section
In: Utschick, W. (Ed.): Communications in Interference Limited Networks. Signals and Communication Technology, pp. 501-519, Springer, Cham, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: optimization, wireless communication
@incollection{Zhang:DFG:2016,
title = {Linear Multi-Cell Precoding for Throughput Optimization Considering Outage},
author = {X. Zhang and R. Fritzsche and A. Festag and G. Fettweis},
editor = {W. Utschick},
url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-22440-4_21},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-22440-4_21},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-31},
urldate = {2016-01-31},
booktitle = {Communications in Interference Limited Networks. Signals and Communication Technology},
pages = {501-519},
publisher = {Springer},
address = {Cham},
abstract = {Linear precoding provides the potential to boost the data throughput in a cellular multiple-input-multiple-output downlink system. It exploits spatial diversity and enables multiple users to be served on the same time-frequency resources. In a previous study we presented the maximization of the weighted sum data rate in multi-cell networks considering a transmit power constraint per base station with imperfect channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter. Beside imperfections in the precoding matrix design, impaired CSI can also cause outage if the actual channel does not support the data rate assigned for transmission. As the new 5th generation wireless communication era is dawning, future cellular networks are expected to be more resilient. In this chapter, we investigate the aspect of potential outages with respect to the joint optimization of the precoding matrix and the transmission rate. In this context, we target at the maximization of throughput considering both imperfect CSI at the transmitter and potential outages. We quantify the performance by means of Monte Carlo simulations.},
keywords = {optimization, wireless communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}
Linear precoding provides the potential to boost the data throughput in a cellular multiple-input-multiple-output downlink system. It exploits spatial diversity and enables multiple users to be served on the same time-frequency resources. In a previous study we presented the maximization of the weighted sum data rate in multi-cell networks considering a transmit power constraint per base station with imperfect channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter. Beside imperfections in the precoding matrix design, impaired CSI can also cause outage if the actual channel does not support the data rate assigned for transmission. As the new 5th generation wireless communication era is dawning, future cellular networks are expected to be more resilient. In this chapter, we investigate the aspect of potential outages with respect to the joint optimization of the precoding matrix and the transmission rate. In this context, we target at the maximization of throughput considering both imperfect CSI at the transmitter and potential outages. We quantify the performance by means of Monte Carlo simulations.
63.
Festag, A.; Rehme, M.; Krause, J.
Studie Mobilität 2025: Koexistenz oder Konvergenz von IKT fuer Automotive? Miscellaneous
Studie, 2016.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: V2X communication
@misc{Festag:IKTMob:2016,
title = {Studie Mobilität 2025: Koexistenz oder Konvergenz von IKT fuer Automotive?},
author = {A. Festag and M. Rehme and J. Krause},
url = {https://festag-net.de/wp-content/uploads/2016_Festag_IKTMob.pdf},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-01-15},
urldate = {2016-01-15},
abstract = {Die Fortbewegung ist ein menschliches Grundbedürfnis und der Transport das Rückgrat unserer Wirtschaft. Das Automobil stellt den Inbegriff der Mobilität von heute dar. Dabei sind die Bedürfnisse an die Mobilität und die Anforderungen an den Transport ständigem Wandel unterworfen. Einflüsse aus ökonomie, Technologie, Politik und Recht, Gesellschaft und ökologie werden die Mobilität der Zukunft tiefgreifend verändern. Insbesondere Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien (IKT) werden die Leistungsfähigkeit und die Effizienz der Verkehrssysteme nachhaltig verbessern. Die hochgradige Vernetzung in Intelligenten Verkehrssystemen (IVS) ist die Basis für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungen im Bereich Sicherheit, Nachhaltigkeit und Komfort. Dabei werden IKT selbst zum Innovationstreiber in IVS: Sie unterstützen die zunehmende Automatisierung des Verkehrs und erlauben neuartige datengetriebene Dienste und Geschäftsmodelle.
Die Grundlage für den breiten Einsatz von IKT für Mobilität sind Kommunikationstechnologien und -netze, die auch in den nächsten Jahren eine dynamische Entwicklung nehmen werden. Welche Anforderungen werden zukünftige IVS an IKT stellen? In welchen Use Cases wird IKT relevant sein? Die vorliegende Studie untersucht Technologieanforderungen einer steigenden Fahrzeug- vernetzung, leitet wesentliche Hemmnisse für den Einsatz von IKT für Mobilität ab und identifiziert die prioritären Handlungsfelder für die „Vernetzte Mobilität von morgen“.
Die Komplexität, Dynamik und Unsicherheit bei der zukünftigen Entwicklung von IVS lässt eine einfache, einwertige Prognose nicht zu. Aus einer Analyse von heute beobachtbaren Trends und Treibern des Makroumfeldes werden deshalb zwei alternative Zukunftsbilder hinsichtlich des Einsatzes von IKT für Mobilität mit einem Zeithorizont von 10 bis 15 Jahren (2025+) entwickelt. Die beiden Szenarien „Koexistenz“ und „Konvergenz“ stellen divergierende und durchaus realistische Entwicklungen dar, wobei beide Szenarien einen deutlichen Innovationsprung gegenüber heute aufweisen.
Das erste Szenario „Koexistenz“ ist von der Koexistenz mehrerer Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien für Mobilitätsanwendungen gekennzeichnet, die in parallelen Strukturen nebeneinander existieren und einen geringen Integrations- und Interoperabilitätsgrad aufweisen, aber anwendungsspezifisch ihre jeweiligen Vorteile ausspielen. Im zweiten Szenario „Konvergenz“ konvergieren die Technologien in Richtung hochgradig integrierter Netze, die zuvor vorhandene und sich in Entwicklung befindliche Systeme, Komponenten, Verfahren, Protokolle und Standards zusammenführen oder substituieren.
Ausgangspunkt der Studie ist eine Szenarioanalyse, die relevante Einflussfaktoren und Deskriptoren bestimmt und in den beiden Szenarien „Koexistenz“ und „Konvergenz“ bündelt. Einer systemorientierten Herangehensweise folgend werden für die grundlegenden Anwendungsfelder von IKT für Mobilität – Sicherheit, Nachhaltigkeit und Komfort – jeweilige Use Cases kategorisiert und grundlegende Anforderungen an die IKT vor dem Hintergrund der beiden Szenarien anhand von repräsentativen Uses Cases herausgearbeitet. Darauf aufbauend werden Aspekte der Sicherheit und Verfügbarkeit der Kommunikationsnetze analysiert, Kommunikationstechnologien und -netzstrukturen bewertet sowie Technologiepfade skizziert. Weiterhin werden Implikationen für Standards und Standardisierungsprozesse hinsichtlich der IKT für Mobilität diskutiert. Aus den Analysen werden jeweils Hemmnisse für das Erreichen der skizzierten Szenarien abgeleitet und zugehörige Handlungsfelder identifiziert. Neben den technologiegetriebenen Themenfeldern Sicherheit und Verfügbarkeit, Kommunikationstechnologien und -netzstrukturen sowie Standardisierung werden zusätzlich die grundlegend wirkenden Bereiche „Gesellschaft und Recht“ sowie „Wertschöpfung und Innovation“ thematisiert.},
howpublished = {Studie},
keywords = {V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {misc}
}
Die Fortbewegung ist ein menschliches Grundbedürfnis und der Transport das Rückgrat unserer Wirtschaft. Das Automobil stellt den Inbegriff der Mobilität von heute dar. Dabei sind die Bedürfnisse an die Mobilität und die Anforderungen an den Transport ständigem Wandel unterworfen. Einflüsse aus ökonomie, Technologie, Politik und Recht, Gesellschaft und ökologie werden die Mobilität der Zukunft tiefgreifend verändern. Insbesondere Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien (IKT) werden die Leistungsfähigkeit und die Effizienz der Verkehrssysteme nachhaltig verbessern. Die hochgradige Vernetzung in Intelligenten Verkehrssystemen (IVS) ist die Basis für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungen im Bereich Sicherheit, Nachhaltigkeit und Komfort. Dabei werden IKT selbst zum Innovationstreiber in IVS: Sie unterstützen die zunehmende Automatisierung des Verkehrs und erlauben neuartige datengetriebene Dienste und Geschäftsmodelle.
Die Grundlage für den breiten Einsatz von IKT für Mobilität sind Kommunikationstechnologien und -netze, die auch in den nächsten Jahren eine dynamische Entwicklung nehmen werden. Welche Anforderungen werden zukünftige IVS an IKT stellen? In welchen Use Cases wird IKT relevant sein? Die vorliegende Studie untersucht Technologieanforderungen einer steigenden Fahrzeug- vernetzung, leitet wesentliche Hemmnisse für den Einsatz von IKT für Mobilität ab und identifiziert die prioritären Handlungsfelder für die „Vernetzte Mobilität von morgen“.
Die Komplexität, Dynamik und Unsicherheit bei der zukünftigen Entwicklung von IVS lässt eine einfache, einwertige Prognose nicht zu. Aus einer Analyse von heute beobachtbaren Trends und Treibern des Makroumfeldes werden deshalb zwei alternative Zukunftsbilder hinsichtlich des Einsatzes von IKT für Mobilität mit einem Zeithorizont von 10 bis 15 Jahren (2025+) entwickelt. Die beiden Szenarien „Koexistenz“ und „Konvergenz“ stellen divergierende und durchaus realistische Entwicklungen dar, wobei beide Szenarien einen deutlichen Innovationsprung gegenüber heute aufweisen.
Das erste Szenario „Koexistenz“ ist von der Koexistenz mehrerer Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien für Mobilitätsanwendungen gekennzeichnet, die in parallelen Strukturen nebeneinander existieren und einen geringen Integrations- und Interoperabilitätsgrad aufweisen, aber anwendungsspezifisch ihre jeweiligen Vorteile ausspielen. Im zweiten Szenario „Konvergenz“ konvergieren die Technologien in Richtung hochgradig integrierter Netze, die zuvor vorhandene und sich in Entwicklung befindliche Systeme, Komponenten, Verfahren, Protokolle und Standards zusammenführen oder substituieren.
Ausgangspunkt der Studie ist eine Szenarioanalyse, die relevante Einflussfaktoren und Deskriptoren bestimmt und in den beiden Szenarien „Koexistenz“ und „Konvergenz“ bündelt. Einer systemorientierten Herangehensweise folgend werden für die grundlegenden Anwendungsfelder von IKT für Mobilität – Sicherheit, Nachhaltigkeit und Komfort – jeweilige Use Cases kategorisiert und grundlegende Anforderungen an die IKT vor dem Hintergrund der beiden Szenarien anhand von repräsentativen Uses Cases herausgearbeitet. Darauf aufbauend werden Aspekte der Sicherheit und Verfügbarkeit der Kommunikationsnetze analysiert, Kommunikationstechnologien und -netzstrukturen bewertet sowie Technologiepfade skizziert. Weiterhin werden Implikationen für Standards und Standardisierungsprozesse hinsichtlich der IKT für Mobilität diskutiert. Aus den Analysen werden jeweils Hemmnisse für das Erreichen der skizzierten Szenarien abgeleitet und zugehörige Handlungsfelder identifiziert. Neben den technologiegetriebenen Themenfeldern Sicherheit und Verfügbarkeit, Kommunikationstechnologien und -netzstrukturen sowie Standardisierung werden zusätzlich die grundlegend wirkenden Bereiche „Gesellschaft und Recht“ sowie „Wertschöpfung und Innovation“ thematisiert.
Die Grundlage für den breiten Einsatz von IKT für Mobilität sind Kommunikationstechnologien und -netze, die auch in den nächsten Jahren eine dynamische Entwicklung nehmen werden. Welche Anforderungen werden zukünftige IVS an IKT stellen? In welchen Use Cases wird IKT relevant sein? Die vorliegende Studie untersucht Technologieanforderungen einer steigenden Fahrzeug- vernetzung, leitet wesentliche Hemmnisse für den Einsatz von IKT für Mobilität ab und identifiziert die prioritären Handlungsfelder für die „Vernetzte Mobilität von morgen“.
Die Komplexität, Dynamik und Unsicherheit bei der zukünftigen Entwicklung von IVS lässt eine einfache, einwertige Prognose nicht zu. Aus einer Analyse von heute beobachtbaren Trends und Treibern des Makroumfeldes werden deshalb zwei alternative Zukunftsbilder hinsichtlich des Einsatzes von IKT für Mobilität mit einem Zeithorizont von 10 bis 15 Jahren (2025+) entwickelt. Die beiden Szenarien „Koexistenz“ und „Konvergenz“ stellen divergierende und durchaus realistische Entwicklungen dar, wobei beide Szenarien einen deutlichen Innovationsprung gegenüber heute aufweisen.
Das erste Szenario „Koexistenz“ ist von der Koexistenz mehrerer Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien für Mobilitätsanwendungen gekennzeichnet, die in parallelen Strukturen nebeneinander existieren und einen geringen Integrations- und Interoperabilitätsgrad aufweisen, aber anwendungsspezifisch ihre jeweiligen Vorteile ausspielen. Im zweiten Szenario „Konvergenz“ konvergieren die Technologien in Richtung hochgradig integrierter Netze, die zuvor vorhandene und sich in Entwicklung befindliche Systeme, Komponenten, Verfahren, Protokolle und Standards zusammenführen oder substituieren.
Ausgangspunkt der Studie ist eine Szenarioanalyse, die relevante Einflussfaktoren und Deskriptoren bestimmt und in den beiden Szenarien „Koexistenz“ und „Konvergenz“ bündelt. Einer systemorientierten Herangehensweise folgend werden für die grundlegenden Anwendungsfelder von IKT für Mobilität – Sicherheit, Nachhaltigkeit und Komfort – jeweilige Use Cases kategorisiert und grundlegende Anforderungen an die IKT vor dem Hintergrund der beiden Szenarien anhand von repräsentativen Uses Cases herausgearbeitet. Darauf aufbauend werden Aspekte der Sicherheit und Verfügbarkeit der Kommunikationsnetze analysiert, Kommunikationstechnologien und -netzstrukturen bewertet sowie Technologiepfade skizziert. Weiterhin werden Implikationen für Standards und Standardisierungsprozesse hinsichtlich der IKT für Mobilität diskutiert. Aus den Analysen werden jeweils Hemmnisse für das Erreichen der skizzierten Szenarien abgeleitet und zugehörige Handlungsfelder identifiziert. Neben den technologiegetriebenen Themenfeldern Sicherheit und Verfügbarkeit, Kommunikationstechnologien und -netzstrukturen sowie Standardisierung werden zusätzlich die grundlegend wirkenden Bereiche „Gesellschaft und Recht“ sowie „Wertschöpfung und Innovation“ thematisiert.
64.
Hobert, L.; Festag, A.; Llatser, I.; Altomare, L.; Visintainer, F.; Kovac, A.
Enhancements of V2X Communication in Support of Cooperative Autonomous Driving Journal Article
In: IEEE Communication Magazine, Feature Topic Towards Autonomous Driving: Advances in V2X Connectivity, vol. 53, no. 12, pp. 64-70, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: V2X communication
@article{Hobert:ComMag:2015,
title = {Enhancements of V2X Communication in Support of Cooperative Autonomous Driving},
author = {L. Hobert and A. Festag and I. Llatser and L. Altomare and F. Visintainer and A. Kovac},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7355568},
doi = {10.1109/MCOM.2015.7355568},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-12-15},
urldate = {2015-12-17},
journal = {IEEE Communication Magazine, Feature Topic Towards Autonomous Driving: Advances in V2X Connectivity},
volume = {53},
number = {12},
pages = {64-70},
abstract = {Two emerging technologies in the automotive domain are autonomous vehicles and V2X communication. Even though these technologies are usually considered separately, their combination enables two key cooperative features: sensing and maneuvering. Cooperative sensing allows vehicles to exchange information gathered from local sensors. Cooperative maneuvering permits inter-vehicle coordination of maneuvers. These features enable the creation of cooperative autonomous vehicles, which may greatly improve traffic safety, efficiency, and driver comfort. The first generation V2X communication systems with the corresponding standards, such as Release 1 from ETSI, have been designed mainly for driver warning applications in the context of road safety and traffic efficiency, and do not target use cases for autonomous driving. This article presents the design of core functionalities for cooperative autonomous driving and addresses the required evolution of communication standards in order to support a selected number of autonomous driving use cases. The article describes the targeted use cases, identifies their communication requirements, and analyzes the current V2X communication standards from ETSI for missing features. The result is a set of specifications for the amendment and extension of the standards in support of cooperative autonomous driving.},
keywords = {V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Two emerging technologies in the automotive domain are autonomous vehicles and V2X communication. Even though these technologies are usually considered separately, their combination enables two key cooperative features: sensing and maneuvering. Cooperative sensing allows vehicles to exchange information gathered from local sensors. Cooperative maneuvering permits inter-vehicle coordination of maneuvers. These features enable the creation of cooperative autonomous vehicles, which may greatly improve traffic safety, efficiency, and driver comfort. The first generation V2X communication systems with the corresponding standards, such as Release 1 from ETSI, have been designed mainly for driver warning applications in the context of road safety and traffic efficiency, and do not target use cases for autonomous driving. This article presents the design of core functionalities for cooperative autonomous driving and addresses the required evolution of communication standards in order to support a selected number of autonomous driving use cases. The article describes the targeted use cases, identifies their communication requirements, and analyzes the current V2X communication standards from ETSI for missing features. The result is a set of specifications for the amendment and extension of the standards in support of cooperative autonomous driving.
65.
Belen-Martinez, A.; Grieger, M.; Festag, A.; Fettweis, G.
Sectorization and Intra-Site CoMP: Comparison of Field-Trials and System-Level Simulations Proceedings Article
In: IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), San Diego, CA, USA, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: measurements, wireless communication
@inproceedings{Belen:GLOBECOM:2015,
title = {Sectorization and Intra-Site CoMP: Comparison of Field-Trials and System-Level Simulations},
author = {A. Belen-Martinez and M. Grieger and A. Festag and G. Fettweis},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7417650},
doi = {10.1109/GLOCOM.2015.7417650},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-12-06},
urldate = {2015-12-06},
booktitle = {IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)},
address = {San Diego, CA, USA},
abstract = {Coordinated multi-point (CoMP) is a well-known approach to mitigate interference in cellular systems and, thus, to improve spectral efficiency. On the downside, implementing CoMP comes at a high cost, e.g., regarding backhaul and signal processing. These costs can be reduced when only BSs at the same site cooperate, referred to as intra-site CoMP. However, the capacity gains of intra-site CoMP are also lower, because intra-site clusters cover only a subset of cell edges. In conventional cellular networks, the deployment of 3 non-overlapping sectors is known to be a good compromise between spatial multiplexing and interference. Using intra-site CoMP, earlier simulation-based work has shown that a higher number of sectors that are largely overlapping are beneficial. In this work, we evaluate multi-cell propagation in an urban testbed, where one site is deployed either with 3 non-overlapping or with 6 overlapping sectors. Moreover, we compare measurements from field trials with simulation results for reference.},
keywords = {measurements, wireless communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Coordinated multi-point (CoMP) is a well-known approach to mitigate interference in cellular systems and, thus, to improve spectral efficiency. On the downside, implementing CoMP comes at a high cost, e.g., regarding backhaul and signal processing. These costs can be reduced when only BSs at the same site cooperate, referred to as intra-site CoMP. However, the capacity gains of intra-site CoMP are also lower, because intra-site clusters cover only a subset of cell edges. In conventional cellular networks, the deployment of 3 non-overlapping sectors is known to be a good compromise between spatial multiplexing and interference. Using intra-site CoMP, earlier simulation-based work has shown that a higher number of sectors that are largely overlapping are beneficial. In this work, we evaluate multi-cell propagation in an urban testbed, where one site is deployed either with 3 non-overlapping or with 6 overlapping sectors. Moreover, we compare measurements from field trials with simulation results for reference.
66.
Kaltenberger, F.; Knopp, R.; Vitiello, C.; Danneberg, M.; Festag, A.
Experimental Analysis of 5G Candidate Waveforms and their Coexistence with 4G Systems Proceedings Article
In: Joint NEWCOM/COST Workshop on Wireless Communications (JNCW), Barcelona, Spain, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: measurements, wireless communication
@inproceedings{Kaltenberger:JNCW:2015,
title = {Experimental Analysis of 5G Candidate Waveforms and their Coexistence with 4G Systems},
author = {F. Kaltenberger and R. Knopp and C. Vitiello and M. Danneberg and A. Festag},
url = {https://www.eurecom.fr/publication/4725/download/cm-publi-4725.pdf},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-10-15},
urldate = {2015-10-15},
booktitle = {Joint NEWCOM/COST Workshop on Wireless Communications (JNCW)},
address = {Barcelona, Spain},
abstract = {The 5G mobile standard will very likely include a new waveform that addresses scenarios like sporadic low- latency traffic and dynamic spectrum access (DSA). In both cases the current 4G waveforms have some deficiencies, like the need for strict synchronicity and the high adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) respectively. Several candidate waveforms can be found in the literature, such Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM), and Universal Filtered Multi- Carrier (UFMC). Both use a digital multi-carrier transceiver concept that employs pulse shaping filters to provide control over the transmitted signal's spectral properties. In this paper we will present experimental results that evaluate the impact of these two waveforms on an existing 4G system. The 4G system was based on Eurecom's OpenAirInterface for the eNB and a commercial UE. The new waveform was generated using a signal generator.},
keywords = {measurements, wireless communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The 5G mobile standard will very likely include a new waveform that addresses scenarios like sporadic low- latency traffic and dynamic spectrum access (DSA). In both cases the current 4G waveforms have some deficiencies, like the need for strict synchronicity and the high adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) respectively. Several candidate waveforms can be found in the literature, such Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM), and Universal Filtered Multi- Carrier (UFMC). Both use a digital multi-carrier transceiver concept that employs pulse shaping filters to provide control over the transmitted signal's spectral properties. In this paper we will present experimental results that evaluate the impact of these two waveforms on an existing 4G system. The 4G system was based on Eurecom's OpenAirInterface for the eNB and a commercial UE. The new waveform was generated using a signal generator.
67.
Festag, A.
Standards for Vehicular Communication - From IEEE 802.11p to 5G Journal Article
In: e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Springer Verlag, vol. 132, no. 7, pp. 409-416, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: standardization, V2X communication
@article{Festag:EISpringer:2015,
title = {Standards for Vehicular Communication - From IEEE 802.11p to 5G},
author = {A. Festag},
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00502-015-0343-0},
doi = {10.1007/s00502-015-0343-0},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-09-29},
urldate = {2015-09-29},
journal = {e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik, Springer Verlag},
volume = {132},
number = {7},
pages = {409-416},
abstract = {Standardization for wireless vehicular communication ensures, as in other domains, interoperability, supports regulations and legislation, and creates larger markets. For the initial deployment of vehicular communication, consistent sets of standards have been created, commonly named C-ITS in Europe and DSRC in the U.S., both relying on the WiFi standard IEEE 802.11. These initial standard sets specify vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication and enable applications primarily for driver information and warnings. The article provides an overview of the key C-ITS and DSRC protocols from a standardization perspective. The article analyzes automated driving as the potential new application domain for vehicular communication, discusses its requirements on communication, and derives potential directions for future releases of the vehicular communication standards.},
keywords = {standardization, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Standardization for wireless vehicular communication ensures, as in other domains, interoperability, supports regulations and legislation, and creates larger markets. For the initial deployment of vehicular communication, consistent sets of standards have been created, commonly named C-ITS in Europe and DSRC in the U.S., both relying on the WiFi standard IEEE 802.11. These initial standard sets specify vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communication and enable applications primarily for driver information and warnings. The article provides an overview of the key C-ITS and DSRC protocols from a standardization perspective. The article analyzes automated driving as the potential new application domain for vehicular communication, discusses its requirements on communication, and derives potential directions for future releases of the vehicular communication standards.
68.
Wolf, A.; Matthé, M.; Festag, A.; Fettweis, G.
Outage Based Power Allocation for a Lossy Forwarding Two-Relaying System Proceedings Article
In: IEEE International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD), Guildford, UK, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: optimization, wireless communication
@inproceedings{Wolf:CAMAD:2015,
title = {Outage Based Power Allocation for a Lossy Forwarding Two-Relaying System},
author = {A. Wolf and M. Matthé and A. Festag and G. Fettweis},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7390522},
doi = {10.1109/CAMAD.2015.7390522},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-09-07},
urldate = {2016-01-28},
booktitle = {IEEE International Workshop on Computer Aided Modelling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)},
address = {Guildford, UK},
abstract = {The extension of Decode-and-Forward (DF) relaying by lossy forwarding has the potential to ensure a reliable multi-hop message transport in wireless mesh networks. Unlike in conventional DF relaying, with lossy forwarding a relay forwards a message regardless whether errors have been detected after decoding. At the destination, a proper joint decoding technique exploits the high correlation of messages received via different network paths. According to the Slepian-Wolf correlated source coding theorem a performance improvement compared with the conventional DF relaying can be expected. The performance can be optimized by a power allocation scheme that distributes the total transmit power budget between source and relay nodes. This paper analyzes the outage probability (OP) based on the Slepian-Wolf source correlation theorem for a system with two relays and designs a power allocation scheme to minimize the OP. The proposed scheme reduces the OP by up to 1.5 orders of magnitude compared to the reference case of equal power allocation. We also compare the performance gain of a system with two relays against the case with a single relay for the same total transmit power budget. Results show a reduction of the OP of at least one and up to two orders of magnitude.},
keywords = {optimization, wireless communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The extension of Decode-and-Forward (DF) relaying by lossy forwarding has the potential to ensure a reliable multi-hop message transport in wireless mesh networks. Unlike in conventional DF relaying, with lossy forwarding a relay forwards a message regardless whether errors have been detected after decoding. At the destination, a proper joint decoding technique exploits the high correlation of messages received via different network paths. According to the Slepian-Wolf correlated source coding theorem a performance improvement compared with the conventional DF relaying can be expected. The performance can be optimized by a power allocation scheme that distributes the total transmit power budget between source and relay nodes. This paper analyzes the outage probability (OP) based on the Slepian-Wolf source correlation theorem for a system with two relays and designs a power allocation scheme to minimize the OP. The proposed scheme reduces the OP by up to 1.5 orders of magnitude compared to the reference case of equal power allocation. We also compare the performance gain of a system with two relays against the case with a single relay for the same total transmit power budget. Results show a reduction of the OP of at least one and up to two orders of magnitude.
69.
Gaspar, I.; Festag, A.; Fettweis, G.
Synchronization using a Pseudo-Circular Preamble for Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing in Vehicular Communication Proceedings Article
In: IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall), Boston, USA, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: optimization, wireless communication
@inproceedings{Gaspar:VTCFall:2015,
title = {Synchronization using a Pseudo-Circular Preamble for Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing in Vehicular Communication},
author = {I. Gaspar and A. Festag and G. Fettweis},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7391164},
doi = {10.1109/VTCFall.2015.7391164},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-09-06},
urldate = {2016-01-28},
booktitle = {IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall)},
address = {Boston, USA},
abstract = {This paper explores using the first subsymbol in the structure of a GFDM symbol as a pseudo circular preamble. As data and training sequence overlap in the GFDM structure, an initial estimation approach for isolating the preamble information from the data is presented. The concept allows for adaptation of state-of-the-art techniques developed for OFDM in order to estimate time offset at every GFDM symbol. The paper studies the proposal in the context of vehicular communication scenarios and assesses the performance of single-shot estimation of time offset. Both, line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight scenarios with doubly-dispersive wireless channels are considered and compared with the CP-based method from the IEEE 802.11p standard.},
keywords = {optimization, wireless communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This paper explores using the first subsymbol in the structure of a GFDM symbol as a pseudo circular preamble. As data and training sequence overlap in the GFDM structure, an initial estimation approach for isolating the preamble information from the data is presented. The concept allows for adaptation of state-of-the-art techniques developed for OFDM in order to estimate time offset at every GFDM symbol. The paper studies the proposal in the context of vehicular communication scenarios and assesses the performance of single-shot estimation of time offset. Both, line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight scenarios with doubly-dispersive wireless channels are considered and compared with the CP-based method from the IEEE 802.11p standard.
70.
Zhang, X.; Fritzsche, R.; Festag, A.; Lin, P. -H.; Fettweis, G.
Multi-Cell Linear Precoding Design for Throughput Optimization with Imperfect CSI and Outage Proceedings Article
In: IEEE Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), Hong Kong, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: optimization, wireless communication
@inproceedings{Zhang:PIMRC:2015,
title = {Multi-Cell Linear Precoding Design for Throughput Optimization with Imperfect CSI and Outage},
author = {X. Zhang and R. Fritzsche and A. Festag and P. -H. Lin and G. Fettweis},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7343331},
doi = {10.1109/PIMRC.2015.7343331},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-08-30},
urldate = {2015-12-03},
booktitle = {IEEE Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)},
address = {Hong Kong},
abstract = {Cooperative multi-cell MIMO techniques are well known for their outstanding capability to mitigate inter-cell interference by allowing user data to be jointly processed by several interfering base stations for the improvement of the system performance. This paper proposes an iterative algorithm that designs the precoding matrix for cooperative multi-cell MIMO downlink communications. As the demand for higher throughput and higher system resilience is envisioned for future wireless communication systems, the proposed algorithm takes the potential outage into consideration when channel state information is only partially available at the transmitter side. The aim is to maximize the sum user throughput considering outage with subject to power limitation at each base station. The joint optimization of the precoding matrix and the assigned transmission rate is solved via a 2-step alternating algorithm. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by Monte Carlo simulations and compared with existing methods. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm achieves performance gain than other referenced methods over the entire compared SNR region. Performance of all methods are also compared and analyzed when inter-cluster interference is present.},
keywords = {optimization, wireless communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Cooperative multi-cell MIMO techniques are well known for their outstanding capability to mitigate inter-cell interference by allowing user data to be jointly processed by several interfering base stations for the improvement of the system performance. This paper proposes an iterative algorithm that designs the precoding matrix for cooperative multi-cell MIMO downlink communications. As the demand for higher throughput and higher system resilience is envisioned for future wireless communication systems, the proposed algorithm takes the potential outage into consideration when channel state information is only partially available at the transmitter side. The aim is to maximize the sum user throughput considering outage with subject to power limitation at each base station. The joint optimization of the precoding matrix and the assigned transmission rate is solved via a 2-step alternating algorithm. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by Monte Carlo simulations and compared with existing methods. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm achieves performance gain than other referenced methods over the entire compared SNR region. Performance of all methods are also compared and analyzed when inter-cluster interference is present.
71.
Kaltenberger, F.; Knopp, R.; Danneberg, M.; Festag, A.
Experimental Analysis and Simulative Validation of Dynamic Spectrum Access for Coexistence of 4G and Future 5G Systems Proceedings Article
In: European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC, Paris, France, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: measurements, wireless communication
@inproceedings{Kaltenberger:EUCNC:2015,
title = {Experimental Analysis and Simulative Validation of Dynamic Spectrum Access for Coexistence of 4G and Future 5G Systems},
author = {F. Kaltenberger and R. Knopp and M. Danneberg and A. Festag},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7194125},
doi = {10.1109/EuCNC.2015.7194125},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-06-29},
urldate = {2015-08-13},
booktitle = {European Conference on Networks and Communications (EUCNC},
address = {Paris, France},
abstract = {5G mobile networks will very likely include features that allow for a dynamic spectrum access (DSA) in order to exploit spectrum holes of a primary system. The efficient utilization of spectrum holes with minimum impairment of the primary system requires a waveform with a very low adjacent channel leakage ratio as well as robustness to time and frequency offsets. One of the approaches for new waveforms is Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM), a digital multi-carrier transceiver concept that employs pulse shaping filters to provide control over the transmitted signal's spectral properties. In this paper we present experimental results that evaluate the impact of the new GFDM waveform on an existing 4G system. The 4G system was based on Eurecom's OpenAirInterface for the eNB and a commercial UE. The 5G system was emulated using the LabVIEW/PXI platform with corresponding RF adapter modules from National Instruments and TUD's GFDM implementation. The experimental results show that GFDM can be used with about 5 dB higher transmit power than a corresponding orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, before any impact on the primary system is noticeable. The results from our real-time measurements were validated by simulations.},
keywords = {measurements, wireless communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
5G mobile networks will very likely include features that allow for a dynamic spectrum access (DSA) in order to exploit spectrum holes of a primary system. The efficient utilization of spectrum holes with minimum impairment of the primary system requires a waveform with a very low adjacent channel leakage ratio as well as robustness to time and frequency offsets. One of the approaches for new waveforms is Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing (GFDM), a digital multi-carrier transceiver concept that employs pulse shaping filters to provide control over the transmitted signal's spectral properties. In this paper we present experimental results that evaluate the impact of the new GFDM waveform on an existing 4G system. The 4G system was based on Eurecom's OpenAirInterface for the eNB and a commercial UE. The 5G system was emulated using the LabVIEW/PXI platform with corresponding RF adapter modules from National Instruments and TUD's GFDM implementation. The experimental results show that GFDM can be used with about 5 dB higher transmit power than a corresponding orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, before any impact on the primary system is noticeable. The results from our real-time measurements were validated by simulations.
72.
Llatser, I.; Kühlmorgen, S.; Festag, A.; Fettweis, G.
Greedy Algorithms for Information Dissemination within Groups of Autonomuous Vehicles Proceedings Article
In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), Seoul, Korea, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: ad hoc networking, V2X communication, vehicle automation
@inproceedings{Kuehlmorgen:IV:2015,
title = {Greedy Algorithms for Information Dissemination within Groups of Autonomuous Vehicles},
author = {I. Llatser and S. Kühlmorgen and A. Festag and G. Fettweis},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7225899},
doi = {10.1109/IVS.2015.7225899},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-06-28},
urldate = {2015-08-27},
booktitle = {IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV)},
address = {Seoul, Korea},
abstract = {Cooperation and information exchange will allow autonomous vehicles to increase their sensing range and maneuver coordinately, thereby greatly enhancing their safety and efficiency. The combination of autonomous driving and vehicular communications will enable Cooperative Autonomous Driving Systems (C-ADS) with stringent requirements. We present two new multi-hop forwarding algorithms specially suited to the dissemination of information in C-ADS: (i) Greedy Broadcast Forwarding, aimed to the distribution of packets within a geographical area, and (ii) Greedy Multicast Forwarding, which delivers packets only to the members of a vehicle group. A performance comparison of the proposed schemes with the broadcast forwarding algorithms defined in the ETSI GeoNetworking standard shows that Greedy Broadcast Forwarding achieves the highest reliability, while Greedy Multicast Forwarding yields the lowest traffic overhead in the considered scenario. These results indicate that the proposed forwarding algorithms are promising candidates to enable multi-hop communications in future C-ADS.},
keywords = {ad hoc networking, V2X communication, vehicle automation},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
Cooperation and information exchange will allow autonomous vehicles to increase their sensing range and maneuver coordinately, thereby greatly enhancing their safety and efficiency. The combination of autonomous driving and vehicular communications will enable Cooperative Autonomous Driving Systems (C-ADS) with stringent requirements. We present two new multi-hop forwarding algorithms specially suited to the dissemination of information in C-ADS: (i) Greedy Broadcast Forwarding, aimed to the distribution of packets within a geographical area, and (ii) Greedy Multicast Forwarding, which delivers packets only to the members of a vehicle group. A performance comparison of the proposed schemes with the broadcast forwarding algorithms defined in the ETSI GeoNetworking standard shows that Greedy Broadcast Forwarding achieves the highest reliability, while Greedy Multicast Forwarding yields the lowest traffic overhead in the considered scenario. These results indicate that the proposed forwarding algorithms are promising candidates to enable multi-hop communications in future C-ADS.
73.
Kühlmorgen, S.; Llatser, I.; Festag, A.; Fettweis, G.
Performance Evaluation of ETSI GeoNetworking for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks Proceedings Article
In: IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Spring), Glasgow, UK, 2015.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: ad hoc networking, V2X communication
@inproceedings{Kuehlmorgen:VTCSpring:2015,
title = {Performance Evaluation of ETSI GeoNetworking for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks},
author = {S. Kühlmorgen and I. Llatser and A. Festag and G. Fettweis},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7146003},
doi = {10.1109/VTCSpring.2015.7146003},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-05-11},
urldate = {2015-07-02},
booktitle = {IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Spring)},
address = {Glasgow, UK},
abstract = {The GeoNetworking protocol provides single-hop and multi-hop communication in vehicular ad hoc networks based on IEEE 802.11p/ITS-G5. It has been standardized by the ETSI Technical Committee ITS as part of its Release 1 set of specifications and is expected to be deployed in the next years. This paper presents a performance evaluation of the GeoNetworking protocol in its recently published version. Our study assesses the performance of the broadcast forwarding algorithms for multi-hop packet transport that are used to disseminate information in geographical areas for road safety and traffic efficiency applications. From the algorithms specification in the standard, we derive six variants with different combinations of protocol mechanisms with increasing complexity and assess their performance in terms of reliability, latency, and overhead. The algorithms are evaluated in a reference freeway scenario with bidirectional road traffic and a realistic trace-based mobility model with varying vehicle density. The obtained results indicate that the combination of contention-based and greedy forwarding shows the best overall performance; further functional improvements have a limited performance gain in the studied scenario.},
keywords = {ad hoc networking, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The GeoNetworking protocol provides single-hop and multi-hop communication in vehicular ad hoc networks based on IEEE 802.11p/ITS-G5. It has been standardized by the ETSI Technical Committee ITS as part of its Release 1 set of specifications and is expected to be deployed in the next years. This paper presents a performance evaluation of the GeoNetworking protocol in its recently published version. Our study assesses the performance of the broadcast forwarding algorithms for multi-hop packet transport that are used to disseminate information in geographical areas for road safety and traffic efficiency applications. From the algorithms specification in the standard, we derive six variants with different combinations of protocol mechanisms with increasing complexity and assess their performance in terms of reliability, latency, and overhead. The algorithms are evaluated in a reference freeway scenario with bidirectional road traffic and a realistic trace-based mobility model with varying vehicle density. The obtained results indicate that the combination of contention-based and greedy forwarding shows the best overall performance; further functional improvements have a limited performance gain in the studied scenario.
74.
Festag, A.; Hartenstein, H.; Mittag, J.
Technologies - Communication: Wireless LAN-Based Vehicular Communication Book Section
In: Crolla, D.; Foster, D. E.; Kobayashi, T.; Vaughan, N. (Ed.): Encyclopedia of Automotive Engineering, pp. 3327-3340, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Chichester, 2015, ISBN: ISBN: 978-0-470-97402-5.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: ad hoc networking, V2X communication
@incollection{Festag:EncyclopediaAutoEngineering:2015,
title = {Technologies - Communication: Wireless LAN-Based Vehicular Communication},
author = {A. Festag and H. Hartenstein and J. Mittag},
editor = {D. Crolla and D. E. Foster and T. Kobayashi and N. Vaughan},
url = {https://www.wiley.com/en-gb/Encyclopedia+of+Automotive+Engineering-p-9780470974025},
doi = {10.1002/9781118354179.auto170},
isbn = {ISBN: 978-0-470-97402-5},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-02-01},
urldate = {2015-02-01},
booktitle = {Encyclopedia of Automotive Engineering},
pages = {3327-3340},
publisher = {John Wiley & Sons Ltd},
address = {Chichester},
abstract = {Wireless local area networking (WLAN)-based communication enables vehicles to exchange information that is beyond the vehicle's and the driver's direct perception. It has the potential to support various applications for road safety and traffic efficiency, such as road hazard warning and collision avoidance. As opposed to cellular mobile networks, WLAN-based vehicular communication does not require a central control or an operator; instead it uses a decentralized and self-organizing approach. This article introduces key requirements and basic characteristics of WLAN-based vehicular communication and outlines the system architecture. Furthermore, it gives an overview of the most important technology components for WLAN-based vehicular communication, covering radio and communication protocols, security and privacy, radio resource management, and congestion control. The article concludes with an overview about standardization and an outlook on the system deployment.},
keywords = {ad hoc networking, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}
Wireless local area networking (WLAN)-based communication enables vehicles to exchange information that is beyond the vehicle's and the driver's direct perception. It has the potential to support various applications for road safety and traffic efficiency, such as road hazard warning and collision avoidance. As opposed to cellular mobile networks, WLAN-based vehicular communication does not require a central control or an operator; instead it uses a decentralized and self-organizing approach. This article introduces key requirements and basic characteristics of WLAN-based vehicular communication and outlines the system architecture. Furthermore, it gives an overview of the most important technology components for WLAN-based vehicular communication, covering radio and communication protocols, security and privacy, radio resource management, and congestion control. The article concludes with an overview about standardization and an outlook on the system deployment.
75.
Festag, A.
Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) Standards in Europe Journal Article
In: IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 12, no. 52, pp. 166-172, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: standardization, V2X communication
@article{Festag:ComMag:2014,
title = {Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) Standards in Europe},
author = {A. Festag},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6979970},
doi = {10.1109/MCOM.2014.6979970},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-12-11},
urldate = {2014-12-11},
journal = {IEEE Communications Magazine},
volume = {12},
number = {52},
pages = {166-172},
abstract = {Information exchange among vehicles, and between vehicles and the roadside infrastructure is commonly regarded as a base technology to sustainably reduce road accidents and improve traffic efficiency. After more than a decade of research and development efforts, a technological basis has been established that applies WiFi-based, wireless communication in the 5.9 GHz frequency band, ad hoc communication and dedicated message sets, as well as management and security procedures. In Europe, Release 1 of standards for cooperative systems has been completed, indicating deployment of a basic system starting in 2015. This article provides a comprehensive overview of standards and complementary industry specifications for cooperative systems in Europe, covering relevant aspects of access technologies, network and transport protocols, facilities, applications, security, and management.},
keywords = {standardization, V2X communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Information exchange among vehicles, and between vehicles and the roadside infrastructure is commonly regarded as a base technology to sustainably reduce road accidents and improve traffic efficiency. After more than a decade of research and development efforts, a technological basis has been established that applies WiFi-based, wireless communication in the 5.9 GHz frequency band, ad hoc communication and dedicated message sets, as well as management and security procedures. In Europe, Release 1 of standards for cooperative systems has been completed, indicating deployment of a basic system starting in 2015. This article provides a comprehensive overview of standards and complementary industry specifications for cooperative systems in Europe, covering relevant aspects of access technologies, network and transport protocols, facilities, applications, security, and management.
76.
Wild, T.; Wunder, G.; Schaich, F.; Chen, Y.; Kasparick, M.; Dryjanski, M.; Pietrzyk, S.; Michailow, N.; Matthé, M.; Gaspar, I.; Navarro, A.; Mendes, L.; Festag, A.; Fettweis, G.; Doré, J.; Cassiau, N.; Kténas, D.; Berg, V.; Eged, B.; Vago, P.
5GNOW: Intermediate frame structure and transceiver concepts Proceedings Article
In: IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps), pp. 565-570, Austin, TX, USA, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: wireless communication
@inproceedings{Wild:GLOBECOM:2014,
title = {5GNOW: Intermediate frame structure and transceiver concepts},
author = {T. Wild and G. Wunder and F. Schaich and Y. Chen and M. Kasparick and M. Dryjanski and S. Pietrzyk and N. Michailow and M. Matthé and I. Gaspar and A. Navarro and L. Mendes and A. Festag and G. Fettweis and J. Doré and N. Cassiau and D. Kténas and V. Berg and B. Eged and P. Vago},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7063492},
doi = {10.1109/GLOCOMW.2014.7063492},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-12-08},
urldate = {2015-03-19},
booktitle = {IEEE Globecom Workshops (GC Wkshps)},
pages = {565-570},
address = {Austin, TX, USA},
abstract = {This paper reports intermediate transceiver and frame structure concepts and corresponding results from the European FP7 research project 5GNOW. The core is the unified frame structure concept which supports an integrated 5G air interface, capable of dealing both with broadband data services and small packet services within the same band. It is essential for this concept to introduce waveforms which are more robust than OFDM, e.g., with respect to time-frequency misalignment. Encouraging candidate waveform technologies are presented and discussed with respective results. This goes along with the corresponding multiple access technologies using multi-layered signals and advanced multi-user receivers. In addition we introduce new (compressive) random access strategies to enable "one shot transmission" with greatly reduced control signaling particularly for sporadic traffic by orders of magnitude. Finally, we comment on the recent results on the 5GNOW networking interface. The intermediate results of 5GNOW lay the ground for the standardization path towards a new 5G air interface beyond LTE-A.},
keywords = {wireless communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
This paper reports intermediate transceiver and frame structure concepts and corresponding results from the European FP7 research project 5GNOW. The core is the unified frame structure concept which supports an integrated 5G air interface, capable of dealing both with broadband data services and small packet services within the same band. It is essential for this concept to introduce waveforms which are more robust than OFDM, e.g., with respect to time-frequency misalignment. Encouraging candidate waveform technologies are presented and discussed with respective results. This goes along with the corresponding multiple access technologies using multi-layered signals and advanced multi-user receivers. In addition we introduce new (compressive) random access strategies to enable "one shot transmission" with greatly reduced control signaling particularly for sporadic traffic by orders of magnitude. Finally, we comment on the recent results on the 5GNOW networking interface. The intermediate results of 5GNOW lay the ground for the standardization path towards a new 5G air interface beyond LTE-A.
77.
Michailow, N.; Mendes, L.; Matthé, M.; Gaspar, I.; Festag, A.; Fettweis, G.
Robust WHT-GFDM for the Next Generation of Wireless Networks Journal Article
In: IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 106-109, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: wireless communication
@article{Michailow:CommLetters:2014,
title = {Robust WHT-GFDM for the Next Generation of Wireless Networks},
author = {N. Michailow and L. Mendes and M. Matthé and I. Gaspar and A. Festag and G. Fettweis},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6965609},
doi = {10.1109/LCOMM.2014.2374181},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-11-24},
urldate = {2014-11-24},
journal = {IEEE Communications Letters},
volume = {19},
number = {1},
pages = {106-109},
abstract = {This paper presents the combination of generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) with the Walsh-Hadamard transform (WHT) to achieve a scheme that is robust against frequency-selective channels (FSC). The proposed scheme is suitable for low-latency scenarios foreseen for 5G networks, specially for Tactile Internet. The paper also presents analytical approximations that can be used to estimate the bit error rate of GFDM and WHT-GFDM over frequency-selective channels in single shot transmission. Simulation results for encoded GFDM are included for further comparison.},
keywords = {wireless communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper presents the combination of generalized frequency division multiplexing (GFDM) with the Walsh-Hadamard transform (WHT) to achieve a scheme that is robust against frequency-selective channels (FSC). The proposed scheme is suitable for low-latency scenarios foreseen for 5G networks, specially for Tactile Internet. The paper also presents analytical approximations that can be used to estimate the bit error rate of GFDM and WHT-GFDM over frequency-selective channels in single shot transmission. Simulation results for encoded GFDM are included for further comparison.
78.
Fettweis, G.; Boche, H.; Wiegand, T.; Zielinski, E.; Schotten, H.; Merz, P.; Hirche, S.; Festag, A.; Häffner, W.; Meyer, M.; Steinbach, E.; Kraemer, R.; Steinmetz, R.; Hofmann, F.; Eisert, P.; Scholl, R.; Ellinger, F.; Weiß, E.; Riedel, I.
The Tactile Internet Technical Report
ITU-T Technology Watch Report 2014, (https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/techwatch/Pages/tactile-internet.aspx).
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: mobile communication, wireless communication
@techreport{Fettweis:ITU-T-Tactile:2014,
title = {The Tactile Internet},
author = {G. Fettweis and H. Boche and T. Wiegand and E. Zielinski and H. Schotten and P. Merz and S. Hirche and A. Festag and W. Häffner and M. Meyer and E. Steinbach and R. Kraemer and R. Steinmetz and F. Hofmann and P. Eisert and R. Scholl and F. Ellinger and E. Weiß and I. Riedel},
url = {https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-t/opb/gen/T-GEN-TWATCH-2014-1-PDF-E.pdf},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-09-11},
urldate = {2014-09-11},
pages = {18},
institution = {ITU-T Technology Watch Report},
abstract = {Part 1 and 2 . The vision of the Tactile Internet and its impact on society:
The Tactile Internet will find novel application fields in which to contribute to the solution of the complex challenges faced by our society, with a sample of its value to social wellbeing found in education and lifelong learning, healthcare, personal safety zones, traffic in a smart city or energy. The Internet of Things connects devices, or objects, to increase their efficiency by exploiting the potential of networking. The next wave of innovation will create the Tactile Internet, introducing numerous new opportunities for emerging technology markets and the delivery of essential public services.
In principle, all of our human senses can interact with machines, and technology’s potential in this respect is growing. The Tactile Internet will enable haptic interaction with visual feedback, with technical systems supporting not just audiovisual interaction, but also that involving robotic systems to be controlled with an imperceptible time-lag.
Part 3 - Application Fields - The potential of the Tactile Internet:
Emerging Tactile Internet application fields are progressing towards precise human-to-machine and machine-to-machine interaction, with key examples found in industry, robotics and telepresence, virtual reality, augmented reality, healthcare, road traffic, serious gaming, education and culture, and smart grid. 1-millisecond end-to-end latency is necessary in Tactile Internet applications. For technical systems to match humans’ interaction with their environment, our natural reaction times set the targets that technical specifications must meet.
The high availability and security, ultra-fast reaction times and carrier-grade reliability of the Tactile Internet will add a new dimension to human-to-machine interaction by delivering a latency low enough to build real-time interactive systems. The professional digital infrastructure will similarly revolutionize machine-to-machine interaction.
Part 4 and 5 - Infrastructure requirements & ITU framework:
The technical requirements of the Tactile Internet place extraordinary demands on future networks’ latency and reliability, security, system architecture, sensors and actuators, access networks and mobile edge-clouds. Existing infrastructures are both technically and conceptually insufficient to support the envisioned applications of the Tactile Internet, with certain areas in need of accelerated research and development. In parallel, supporting standardization systems are expected to evolve in line with the diversity of the Tactile Internet’s application areas and associated stakeholder ecosystem. Given ITU’s vital role in the global management of the wireless frequency spectrum and satellite orbits, its global reach including developing countries, and the wealth of experience in defining new-technology landscapes through the publication of the requisite standards, ITU’s unique public-private membership model offers an ideal platform for collaboration open to all invested in realizing the vision of the Tactile Internet.},
note = {https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/techwatch/Pages/tactile-internet.aspx},
keywords = {mobile communication, wireless communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}
Part 1 and 2 . The vision of the Tactile Internet and its impact on society:
The Tactile Internet will find novel application fields in which to contribute to the solution of the complex challenges faced by our society, with a sample of its value to social wellbeing found in education and lifelong learning, healthcare, personal safety zones, traffic in a smart city or energy. The Internet of Things connects devices, or objects, to increase their efficiency by exploiting the potential of networking. The next wave of innovation will create the Tactile Internet, introducing numerous new opportunities for emerging technology markets and the delivery of essential public services.
In principle, all of our human senses can interact with machines, and technology’s potential in this respect is growing. The Tactile Internet will enable haptic interaction with visual feedback, with technical systems supporting not just audiovisual interaction, but also that involving robotic systems to be controlled with an imperceptible time-lag.
Part 3 - Application Fields - The potential of the Tactile Internet:
Emerging Tactile Internet application fields are progressing towards precise human-to-machine and machine-to-machine interaction, with key examples found in industry, robotics and telepresence, virtual reality, augmented reality, healthcare, road traffic, serious gaming, education and culture, and smart grid. 1-millisecond end-to-end latency is necessary in Tactile Internet applications. For technical systems to match humans’ interaction with their environment, our natural reaction times set the targets that technical specifications must meet.
The high availability and security, ultra-fast reaction times and carrier-grade reliability of the Tactile Internet will add a new dimension to human-to-machine interaction by delivering a latency low enough to build real-time interactive systems. The professional digital infrastructure will similarly revolutionize machine-to-machine interaction.
Part 4 and 5 - Infrastructure requirements & ITU framework:
The technical requirements of the Tactile Internet place extraordinary demands on future networks’ latency and reliability, security, system architecture, sensors and actuators, access networks and mobile edge-clouds. Existing infrastructures are both technically and conceptually insufficient to support the envisioned applications of the Tactile Internet, with certain areas in need of accelerated research and development. In parallel, supporting standardization systems are expected to evolve in line with the diversity of the Tactile Internet’s application areas and associated stakeholder ecosystem. Given ITU’s vital role in the global management of the wireless frequency spectrum and satellite orbits, its global reach including developing countries, and the wealth of experience in defining new-technology landscapes through the publication of the requisite standards, ITU’s unique public-private membership model offers an ideal platform for collaboration open to all invested in realizing the vision of the Tactile Internet.
The Tactile Internet will find novel application fields in which to contribute to the solution of the complex challenges faced by our society, with a sample of its value to social wellbeing found in education and lifelong learning, healthcare, personal safety zones, traffic in a smart city or energy. The Internet of Things connects devices, or objects, to increase their efficiency by exploiting the potential of networking. The next wave of innovation will create the Tactile Internet, introducing numerous new opportunities for emerging technology markets and the delivery of essential public services.
In principle, all of our human senses can interact with machines, and technology’s potential in this respect is growing. The Tactile Internet will enable haptic interaction with visual feedback, with technical systems supporting not just audiovisual interaction, but also that involving robotic systems to be controlled with an imperceptible time-lag.
Part 3 - Application Fields - The potential of the Tactile Internet:
Emerging Tactile Internet application fields are progressing towards precise human-to-machine and machine-to-machine interaction, with key examples found in industry, robotics and telepresence, virtual reality, augmented reality, healthcare, road traffic, serious gaming, education and culture, and smart grid. 1-millisecond end-to-end latency is necessary in Tactile Internet applications. For technical systems to match humans’ interaction with their environment, our natural reaction times set the targets that technical specifications must meet.
The high availability and security, ultra-fast reaction times and carrier-grade reliability of the Tactile Internet will add a new dimension to human-to-machine interaction by delivering a latency low enough to build real-time interactive systems. The professional digital infrastructure will similarly revolutionize machine-to-machine interaction.
Part 4 and 5 - Infrastructure requirements & ITU framework:
The technical requirements of the Tactile Internet place extraordinary demands on future networks’ latency and reliability, security, system architecture, sensors and actuators, access networks and mobile edge-clouds. Existing infrastructures are both technically and conceptually insufficient to support the envisioned applications of the Tactile Internet, with certain areas in need of accelerated research and development. In parallel, supporting standardization systems are expected to evolve in line with the diversity of the Tactile Internet’s application areas and associated stakeholder ecosystem. Given ITU’s vital role in the global management of the wireless frequency spectrum and satellite orbits, its global reach including developing countries, and the wealth of experience in defining new-technology landscapes through the publication of the requisite standards, ITU’s unique public-private membership model offers an ideal platform for collaboration open to all invested in realizing the vision of the Tactile Internet.
79.
Fortelle, A. La; Qian, X.; Diemer, S.; Grégoire, J.; Moutarde, F.; Bonnabel, S.; Marjovi, A.; Martinoli, A.; Llatser, I.; Festag, A.; Sjöberg, K.
Network of Automated Vehicles: The AutoNet2030 Vision Proceedings Article
In: ITS World Congress and Exhibition, Detroit, USA, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: V2X communication, vehicle automation
@inproceedings{deLaFortelle:ITSWC:2014,
title = {Network of Automated Vehicles: The AutoNet2030 Vision},
author = {A. La Fortelle and X. Qian and S. Diemer and J. Grégoire and F. Moutarde and S. Bonnabel and A. Marjovi and A. Martinoli and I. Llatser and A. Festag and K. Sjöberg},
url = {https://hal-mines-paristech.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01063484/document},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-09-06},
urldate = {2014-09-06},
booktitle = {ITS World Congress and Exhibition},
address = {Detroit, USA},
abstract = {AutoNet2030 – Co-operative Systems in Support of Networked Automated Driving by 2030 – is a European project connecting two domains of intensive research: cooperative systems for Intelligent Transportation Systems and Automated Driving. Given the latest developments in the standardization of vehicular communications, vehicles will soon be wirelessly connected, enabling cooperation among them and with the infrastructure. At the same time, some vehicles will offer very advanced driving assistance systems, ranging from Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (C-ACC) to full automation. The research issues addressed in AutoNet2030 are as follows: how can all these vehicles with different capabilities most efficiently cooperate to increase safety and fluidity of the traffic system? What kind of information should be exchanged? Which organization (e.g. centralized or distributed) is the best? The purpose of this paper is to introduce the vision and concepts underlying the AutoNet2030 project and the direction of this ongoing research work.},
keywords = {V2X communication, vehicle automation},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
AutoNet2030 – Co-operative Systems in Support of Networked Automated Driving by 2030 – is a European project connecting two domains of intensive research: cooperative systems for Intelligent Transportation Systems and Automated Driving. Given the latest developments in the standardization of vehicular communications, vehicles will soon be wirelessly connected, enabling cooperation among them and with the infrastructure. At the same time, some vehicles will offer very advanced driving assistance systems, ranging from Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (C-ACC) to full automation. The research issues addressed in AutoNet2030 are as follows: how can all these vehicles with different capabilities most efficiently cooperate to increase safety and fluidity of the traffic system? What kind of information should be exchanged? Which organization (e.g. centralized or distributed) is the best? The purpose of this paper is to introduce the vision and concepts underlying the AutoNet2030 project and the direction of this ongoing research work.
80.
Gaspar, I.; Mendes, L.; Matthé, M.; Michailow, N.; Festag, A.; Fettweis, G.
LTE-compatible 5G PHY Based on Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing Proceedings Article
In: International Symposium on Wireless Communications Systems (ISWCS), Barcelona, Spain, 2014.
Abstract | Links | BibTeX | Tags: wireless communication
@inproceedings{Gaspar:ISWCS:2014,
title = {LTE-compatible 5G PHY Based on Generalized Frequency Division Multiplexing},
author = {I. Gaspar and L. Mendes and M. Matthé and N. Michailow and A. Festag and G. Fettweis},
url = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6933348},
doi = {10.1109/ISWCS.2014.6933348},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-08-26},
urldate = {2014-10-23},
booktitle = {International Symposium on Wireless Communications Systems (ISWCS)},
address = {Barcelona, Spain},
abstract = {The soft transition between generations of mobile communication systems is a desirable feature for telecommunication operators and device manufacturers. Looking to the past, clock compatibility between WCDMA and LTE allowed manufacturers to build inexpensive multi-standard devices. In this paper it is shown that GFDM, a candidate waveform for the 5G PHY layer, is able to use the LTE master clock and the same time-frequency structure as employed in today's generation of cellular systems. Two approaches for coexistence of 4G/5G waveforms are presented in the paper. The first GFDM setting is aligned with the LTE grid; in the other one GFDM acts as a secondary system to the primary LTE. The second approach introduces a new way of positioning subcarriers that further enhances the flexibility of GFDM. In addition, the paper also considers low latency aspects for autonomous and human controlled device communication in future application scenarios.},
keywords = {wireless communication},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inproceedings}
}
The soft transition between generations of mobile communication systems is a desirable feature for telecommunication operators and device manufacturers. Looking to the past, clock compatibility between WCDMA and LTE allowed manufacturers to build inexpensive multi-standard devices. In this paper it is shown that GFDM, a candidate waveform for the 5G PHY layer, is able to use the LTE master clock and the same time-frequency structure as employed in today's generation of cellular systems. Two approaches for coexistence of 4G/5G waveforms are presented in the paper. The first GFDM setting is aligned with the LTE grid; in the other one GFDM acts as a secondary system to the primary LTE. The second approach introduces a new way of positioning subcarriers that further enhances the flexibility of GFDM. In addition, the paper also considers low latency aspects for autonomous and human controlled device communication in future application scenarios.